The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
Where the magistrate had it most in his power to make or mar the
fugitive sailor's chances was in connection with the familiar fiction
that the Englishman's house is his castle. To hide a sailor was to steal
the king's chattel--penalty, 5 Pounds forfeited to the parish; and if
you were guilty of such a theft, or were with good reason suspected of
being guilty, you found yourself in much the same case as the ordinary
thief or the receiver of stolen goods. A search warrant could be sworn
out before a magistrate, and your house ransacked from cellar to garret.
Without such warrant, however, it could not be lawfully entered. In the
heat of pressing forcible entry was nevertheless not unusual, and many
an impress officer found himself involved in actions for trespass or
damages in consequence of his own indiscretion or the excessive zeal of
his gang. The defence set up by Lieut. Doyle, of Dublin, that the "Panel
of the Door was Broke by Accident," would not go down in a court of law,
however avidly it might be swallowed by the Board of Admiralty.
More than this. The magistrate was by law empowered to seize all
straggling seamen and landsmen and hand them over to the gangs for
consignment to the fleet. The vagabond, as the unfortunate tramp of
those days was commonly called, had thus a bad time of it. For him all
roads led to Spithead. The same was true of persons who made themselves
a public nuisance in other ways. By express magisterial order many
answering to that description followed Francis Juniper of Cuckfield, "a
very drunken, troublesome fellow, without a coat to his back," who
was sent away lest he should become "chargeable to the parish." The
magistrate in this way conferred a double benefit upon his country. He
defended it against itself whilst helping it to defend itself against
the French. Still, the latter benefit was not always above suspicion.
The "ignorant zeal of simple justices," we are told, often impelled them
to hand over to the gangs men whom "any old woman could see with half
an eye to be properer objects of pity and charity than fit to serve His
Majesty."
"Send your myrmidons," was a form of summons familiar to every gang
officer. As its tone implies, its source was magisterial, and when the
officer received it he hastened with his gang to the Petty Sessions, the
Assizes or the prison, and there took over, as an unearned increment of
His Majesty's fleet, the person of some misdemeanant willing to exchange
bridewell for the briny, or the manacled body of some convicted felon
who preferred to swing in a hammock at sea rather than on the gallows
ashore.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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