The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
The pay of the Regulating Captain was 1 Pound a day, with an additional
5s. subsistence money. Lieutenants received their usual service pay, and
for subsistence 3s. 6d. In special cases grants were made for coach-hire
[Footnote: Capt. William Bennett's bill for the double journey between
Waterford and Cork, on the occasion of the inquiry into the conduct
of the Regulating Officer at the former place, over which he presided,
amounted to forty-three guineas--a sum he considered "as moderate as
any gentleman's could have been, laying aside the wearing of my uniform
every day." Half the amount went in chaise and horse hire, "there
being," we are told, "no chaises upon the road as in England," and
"only one to be had at Cork, all the rest being gone to Dublin with
the Lawyers and the Players, the Sessions being just ended and the Play
House broke up" (_Admiralty Records_ 1. 1503--Capt. Bennett, 24 March
1782). Nelson's bill for posting from Burnham, Norfolk, to London
and back, 260 miles, in the year 1789, amounted to 19 Pounds, 55. 2d.
(_Admiralty Records_ Victualling Dept, Miscellanea, No. 26).] and
such purposes as "entertainments to the Mayor and Corporation, the
Magistrates and the Officers of the Regulars and the Militia, by way of
return for their civilities and for their assistance in carrying on the
impress." The grant to the Newcastle officers, under this head, in 1763
amounted to upwards of 93 Pounds. [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 1.
1493--Capt. Bover, 6 March 1763, and endorsement.]
"Road-money" was generally allowed at the rate of 3d. a mile for
officers and 1d. a mile for gangers when on the press; but as a matter
of fact these modest figures were often largely exceeded--to the no
small emolument of the regulating officer. Lieut. Gaydon, commanding at
Ilfracombe, in 1795 debited the Navy Board with a sum of 148 Pounds for
1776 miles of travel; Capt. Gibbs, of Swansea, with 190 Pounds for 1561
miles; and Capt. Longcroft, of Haverfordwest, with 524 Pounds for 8388
miles--a charge characterised by Admiral M'Bride, who that year reported
upon the working of the impress, as "immense." [Footnote: _Admiralty
Records_ 1. 579--Admiral M'Bride, 19 March 1795.] He might well have
used a stronger term.
An item which it was at one time permissible to charge, possesses a
special interest. This was a bonus of 1s. a head on all men pressed--a
bonus that was in reality nothing more than the historic prest shilling
of other days, now no longer paid to pressed men, diverted into the
pockets of those who did the pressing. The practice, however, was
short-lived. Tending as it did to fill the ships with unserviceable men,
it was speedily discontinued and the historic shilling made over to the
certifying surgeon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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