The Principles of Chemistry, Volume IIMendeleyev, Dmitry Ivanovich
Science
The Principles of Chemistry, Volume II
Mendeleyev, Dmitry Ivanovich
Argon; Chemistry; Periodic law
On the entire substitution of calcium, _wollastonite_, CaSiO_{3}, of the
monoclinic system, is obtained; when manganese is substituted,
_rhodonite_, of the triclinic system, is produced; but in all of them the
angles of the prism are 86° to 88°.[23]
[21] For us the latter have not a saline character, only because they
are not regarded from this point of view, but an alloy of sodium
and zinc is, in a broad sense, a salt in many of its reactions,
for it is subject to the same double decompositions as sodium
phosphide or sulphide, which clearly have saline properties. The
latter (sodium phosphide), when heated with ethyl iodide, forms
ethyl phosphide, and the former--_i.e._ the alloy of zinc and
sodium--gives zinc ethyl; that is, the element (P, S, Zn) which
was united with the sodium passes into combination with the ethyl:
RNa + EtI = REt + NaI. By combining sodium successively with
chlorine, sulphur, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, tin, and zinc,
we obtain substances having less and less the ordinary appearance
of salts, but if the alloy of sodium and zinc cannot be termed a
salt, then perhaps this name cannot be given to sodium sulphide,
and the compounds of sodium with phosphorus. The following
circumstance may also be observed: with chlorine, sodium gives
only one compound (with oxygen, at the most three), with sulphur
five, with phosphorus probably still more, with antimony naturally
still more, and the more analogous an element is to sodium, the
more varied are the proportions in which it is able to combine
with it, the less are the alterations in the properties which take
place by this combination, and the nearer does the compound formed
approach to the class of compounds known as indefinite chemical
compounds. In this sense a siliceous alloy, containing silica and
other acids, is a salt. The oxide to a certain extent plays the
same part as the sodium, whilst the silica plays the part of the
acid element which was taken up successively by zinc, phosphorus,
sulphur, &c., in the above examples. Such a comparison of the
silica compounds with alloys presents the great advantage of
including under one category the definite and indefinite silica
compounds which are so analogous in composition--that is, brings
under one head such crystalline substances as certain minerals,
and such amorphous substances as are frequently met with in
nature, and are artificially prepared, as glass, slags, enamels,
&c.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account