The Principles of Chemistry, Volume IIMendeleyev, Dmitry Ivanovich
Science
The Principles of Chemistry, Volume II
Mendeleyev, Dmitry Ivanovich
Argon; Chemistry; Periodic law
Solutions of arsenious anhydride have a sweet metallic taste, and give
_a feeble acid reaction_. Its solubility increases with the admixture of
acids and alkalis. This shows the property of arsenious anhydride of
forming salts with acids and alkalis. And in fact compounds of it with
hydrochloric acid (Note 31), sulphuric anhydride (_see_ further on), and
with the alkali oxides are known.[37] If silver nitrate be added to a
solution of arsenious anhydride, it does not give any precipitate unless
a certain amount of the arsenious anhydride is saturated with an
alkali--for instance, ammonia. It then gives a precipitate of silver
arsenite, Ag_{3}AsO_{3}. This is yellow, soluble in an excess of ammonia,
and anhydrous; it distinctly shows that arsenious acid is tribasic, and
that it differs in this respect from phosphorous acid, in which only two
atoms of hydrogen can be replaced by metals.[38] The feeble acid
character of arsenious anhydride is confirmed by the formation of saline
compounds with acids. In this respect the most remarkable example is the
anhydrous compound with sulphuric acid, having the composition
As_{2}O_{3},SO_{3}. It is formed in the roasting of arsenical pyrites in
those spaces where the arsenious anhydride condenses, a portion of the
sulphurous anhydride being converted into sulphuric anhydride, SO_{3}, at
the expense of the oxygen of the air. The compound in question forms
colourless tabular crystals, which are decomposed by water with formation
of sulphuric acid and arsenious anhydride.[39]
[37] Arsenious anhydride does not oxidise in air, either in a dry state
or in solution, but in the presence of alkalis it absorbs oxygen
from the air, and acts as an excellent reducing agent. This
probably is connected with the fact that arsenic acid is much more
energetic than arsenious acid, and that it is arsenic acid which
is formed by the oxidation of the latter in the presence of
alkalis. Arsenious anhydride is easily reduced to arsenic by many
metals, even by copper.
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