The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
"I say, then, that belief is nothing but a more vivid, lively,
forcible, firm, steady conception of an object than the imagination
alone is ever able to attain.... It consists not in the peculiar
nature or order of the ideas, but in the _manner_ of their conception
and in their _feeling_ to the mind. I confess that it is impossible
perfectly to explain this feeling or manner of conception.... Its
true and proper name... is _belief_, which is a term that everyone
sufficiently understands in common life. And in philosophy we can go
no farther than assert that belief is something felt by the mind,
which distinguishes the idea of the judgment from the fictions of the
imagination.[298] It gives them more weight and influence; makes them
appear of greater importance; enforces them in the mind; gives them
a superior influence on the passions, and renders them the governing
principle in our actions."[299]
Or as Prof. Bain puts it: "In its essential character, belief is a
phase of our active nature--otherwise called the Will."[300]
* * * * *
The object of belief, then, reality or real existence, is something
quite different from all the other predicates which a subject may
possess. Those are properties intellectually or sensibly intuited.
When we add any one of them to the subject, we increase the intrinsic
content of the latter, we enrich its picture in our mind. But adding
reality does not enrich the picture in any such inward way; it leaves
it inwardly as it finds it, and only fixes it and stamps it in to _us_.
"The real," as Kant says, "contains no more than the possible. A
hundred real dollars do not contain a penny more than a hundred
possible dollars.... By whatever, and by however many, predicates I
may think a thing, nothing is added to it if I add that the thing
exists.... Whatever, therefore, our concept of an object may contain,
we must always step outside of it in order to attribute to it
existence."[301]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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