The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
Another confusion, much more common than the denial of all objective
character to sensations, is the assumption that they are all originally
located _inside the body_ and are projected outward by a secondary
act. This secondary judgment is always false, according to M. Taine,
so far as the place of the sensation itself goes. But it happens to
_hit_ a real object which is at the point towards which the sensation
is projected; so we may call its result, according to this author, a
_veridical hallucination_.[40] The word Sensation, to begin with, is
constantly, in psychological literature, used as if it meant one and
the same thing with the _physical impression_ either in the terminal
organs or in the centres, which is its antecedent condition, and this
notwithstanding that by sensation we mean a mental, not a physical,
fact. But those who expressly mean by it a mental fact still leave to
it a physical _place_, still think of it as objectively inhabiting the
very neural tracts which occasion its appearance when they are excited;
and then (going a step farther) they think that it must _place itself_
where _they_ place it, or be subjectively sensible of that place as its
habitat in the first instance, and afterwards have to be _moved_ so as
to appear elsewhere.
All this seems highly confused and unintelligible. Consciousness, as
we saw in an earlier chapter (vol. I p. 214) cannot properly be said
to _inhabit_ any place. It has dynamic relations with the brain, and
cognitive relations with everything and anything. From the one point
of view _we_ may say that a sensation is in the same place with the
brain (if we like), just as from the other point of view we may say
that it is in the same place with whatever quality it may be cognizing.
But the supposition that a sensation primitively _feels either itself
or its object to be in the same place with the brain_ is absolutely
groundless, and neither _a priori_ probability nor facts from
experience can be adduced to show that such a deliverance forms any
part of the original cognitive function of our sensibility.
Where, then, do we feel the objects of our original sensations to be?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account