The principles of science : $b a treatise on logic and scientific methodJevons, William Stanley
Philosophy
The principles of science : $b a treatise on logic and scientific method
Jevons, William Stanley
Logic; Science -- Methodology
There is another class of cases where induction is naturally and
necessarily limited to a definite number of alternatives. Of the
regular solids we can say without the least doubt that no one has
more than twenty faces, thirty edges, and twenty corners; for by the
principles of geometry we learn that there cannot exist more than five
regular solids, of each of which we easily observe that the above
statements are true. In the theory of numbers, an endless variety of
perfect inductions might be made; we can show that no number less than
sixty possesses so many divisors, and the like is true of 360; for it
does not require a great amount of labour to ascertain and count all
the divisors of numbers up to sixty or 360. I can assert that between
60,041 and 60,077 no prime number occurs, because the exhaustive
examination of those who have constructed tables of prime numbers
proves it to be so.
In matters of human appointment or history, we can frequently have
a complete limitation of the number of instances to be included in
an induction. We might show that the propositions of the third book
of Euclid treat only of circles; that no part of the works of Galen
mentions the fourth figure of the syllogism; that none of the other
kings of England reigned so long as George III.; that Magna Charta has
not been repealed by any subsequent statute; that the price of corn in
England has never been so high since 1847 as it was in that year; that
the price of the English funds has never been lower than it was on the
23rd of January, 1798, when it fell to 47-1/4.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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