The Printer in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: An Account of His Life & Times, & of His CraftRouse, Parke
History
The Printer in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: An Account of His Life & Times, & of His Craft
Rouse, Parke
Printing -- Virginia -- Williamsburg -- History -- 18th century
“All Persons who have Occasion to buy or sell Houses, Lands, Goods, or
Cattle; or have Servants or Slaves Runaway; or have lost Horses,
Cattle, &c. or want to give any Publick Notice; may have it advertis’d
in all these _Gazettes_ printed in one Week, for Three Shillings, and
for Two Shillings _per_ Week for as many Weeks afterwards as they
shall order, by giving or sending their Directions to the _Printer_
hereof.
“And, as these Papers will circulate (as speedily as possible) not
only all over This, but also the Neighbouring Colonies, and will
probably be read by some Thousands of People, it is very likely they
may have the desir’d Effect; and it is certainly the cheapest and most
effectual Method that can be taken, for Publishing any Thing of this
Nature.”
_PRINTING IN AN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY_
William Parks’s significant achievements seem even greater if one
understands the difficulties of operating a business in the Williamsburg
of 1730-1750. Because Virginia’s colonial prosperity was based on a
one-crop economy—tobacco—little “ready money” was in circulation within
the colony. The weed itself became a sort of currency. The usual
practice was for the plantation owner or the small farmer to subsist on
his produce and his credit until the crop was harvested and shipped to
English merchants, who from the proceeds of its sale bought for the
planter such articles as he had directed. Because all American tobacco
was transported to Britain in British vessels, shipping space was
plentiful on the westward passage, and shipowners and British merchants
offered Virginia buyers cheap freight rates on finished goods. Thus such
English manufactures as cloth, furniture, pewter, silver, and ceramics
were sold to Virginia planters and merchants.
The two-way trade between Virginia planters and British merchants slowed
down the development of a large Virginia artisan group. Accordingly,
local industry was limited in eighteenth-century Virginia, even in an
urban center such as Williamsburg. Virginia craftsmen complained
bitterly of unpaid accounts, the necessity of accepting such “country
pay” as tobacco, corn, and beef, and the paucity of buyers who offered
ready money.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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