The Progress of Ethnology: An Account of Recent Archaeological, Philological and Geographical Researches in Various Parts of the Globe, Tending to Elucidate the Physical History of ManBartlett, John Russell
History
The Progress of Ethnology: An Account of Recent Archaeological, Philological and Geographical Researches in Various Parts of the Globe, Tending to Elucidate the Physical History of Man
Bartlett, John Russell
Anthropology -- History; Ethnology -- History
The brilliant success which attended Grotefend's earlier efforts, soon
attracted the attention of other philologists to the subject. M. Saint
Martin read a memoir before the Asiatic Society of Paris in 1822, but
did not make any additions to our previous knowledge. Professor Rask
next took it up, and discovered the value of two additional characters.
M. Burnouf followed in 1836, with an elaborate memoir, in which he
disclosed some important discoveries.[72] Professor Lassen, in his
Memoir published in 1836, and in a series of papers continued up to the
present day,[73] has identified at least twelve characters, which had
been mistaken by all his predecessors, and which, says Maj. Rawlinson,
"may entitle him almost to contest with Professor Grotefend the palm of
alphabetical discovery."
In 1835, Major Rawlinson, then residing in Persia, turned his attention
to the subject, and decyphered some of the proper names on the tablets
at Hamadan. In the following year he applied himself to the great
inscription at Behistun, the largest and most remarkable that is known
in Persia, and succeeded in making out several lines of its contents.
The result of Major Rawlinson's first attempt at decyphering the
Behistun inscription, was the identification of several proper names,
and consequently the values of additional characters towards the
completion of the alphabet.[74] But more was wanted than the alphabet,
which only enabled the student to make out proper names, but not to
advance beyond; and it was the lack of this knowledge which prevented
the sagacious and indefatigable Grotefend from carrying out to any great
extent, the discoveries which he had so well begun.
The language of the inscriptions must next be studied; and as the Zend
had been the medium through which the first links in the chain of
interpretation had been obtained, it was naturally resorted to for aid
to farther progress. The Zendavesta, with the researches of Anquetil du
Perron, and the commentary at the Yaçna by M. Burnouf, wherein the
language of the Zendavesta is critically analyzed, and its grammatical
structure developed, furnished the necessary materials. To the latter
work, and the luminous critique of M. Burnouf, Major Rawlinson owes the
success of his translations; as he acknowledges that by it he "obtained
a general knowledge of the grammatical structure of the language of the
inscriptions."
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