The Propaganda for Reform in Proprietary Medicines, Vol. 2 of 2Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry (American Medical Association)
Science
The Propaganda for Reform in Proprietary Medicines, Vol. 2 of 2
Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry (American Medical Association)
Patent medicines
Tests were made on three out of the four bottles. The fourth bottle
was not opened, as we desired to learn what change it might undergo
in the way of protein precipitation and bacterial decomposition.
There is nothing in the Beveridge method of preparation that insures
a sterile secretin unless it is passed through a Berkefeld filter.
In all our crucial experiments the animals (dogs) were kept under
light ether anesthesia, a cannula inserted into the pancreatic duct,
the blood pressure recorded from the carotid artery and the various
secretin preparations injected intravenously. When inactive secretin
preparations were encountered, control tests were always made with
active solutions of secretin to eliminate possible individual
peculiarities of the animal. Thus when the pancreas of a dog reacts to
the injection of preparation _A_, but not to preparation _B_, it is
evident that absence of response to _B_ is due to this preparation and
not to the animal or to the experimental conditions.
[Illustration: Fig. 1.--Records of carotid blood pressure and secretion
of pancreatic juice on intravenous injection of Beveridge’s secretin
in dogs. _X_, injection of 10 c.c. secretin; _b_, record of flow of
pancreatic juice in drops. Tracing _A_, injection of 10 c.c. of one
sample secretin (ten days old) furnished by Dr. Beveridge. Tracing
_B_, injection of 10 c.c. of second sample of secretin (ten days
old) furnished by Dr. Beveridge. Tracing _C_, injection of 10 c.c.
of secretin (twenty hours old) made by us according to the Beveridge
method. Showing that the secretin preparations sent us by Dr. Beveridge
contained no secretin.]
Each of the three samples of secretin sent us by Dr. Beveridge was
tested in the above manner on five dogs. The first tests were made
June 27, 28 and 29, respectively, that is, within nine days of the
preparation of these samples of secretin. _None of the samples was
active (Fig. 1), even when injected intravenously in quantities up to
50 c.c._: 40-50 c.c. of Beveridge’s secretin mixture may kill a dog by
too great lowering of the blood pressure. A good secretin preparation
yields a copious secretion of pancreatic juice on intravenous injection
of a few cubic centimeters.
It is not difficult to prepare a secretin, by the original Bayliss or
Starling method or by the Beveridge method, that retains some activity
for a longer period than nine days. Hence we cannot account for the
absolute inactivity of these preparations except on the assumption
that they did not contain any secretin to start with; that is, faulty
preparation and absence of physiologic standardization.
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