The Psychology of ArithmeticThorndike, Edward L. (Edward Lee)
Science
The Psychology of Arithmetic
Thorndike, Edward L. (Edward Lee)
Arithmetic -- Study and teaching
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(7) _Misleading facts and procedures._--Bonds should not be formed
between articles of commerce and grossly inaccurate prices therefor,
between events and grossly improbable consequences, or causes or
accompaniments thereof, nor between things, qualities, and events which
have no important connections one with another in the real world. In
general, things should not be put together in the pupil's mind that do
not belong together.
If the reader doubts the need of this warning let him examine problems 1
to 5, all from reputable books that are in common use, or have been
within a few years, and consider how addition, subtraction, and the
habits belonging with each are confused by exercise 6.
1. If a duck flying 3/5 as fast as a hawk flies 90 miles in an hour,
how fast does the hawk fly?
2. At 5/8 of a cent apiece how many eggs can I buy for $60?
3. At $.68 a pair how many pairs of overshoes can you buy for $816?
4. At $.13 a dozen how many dozen bananas can you buy for $3.12?
5. How many pecks of beans can be put into a box that will hold just
21 bushels?
6. Write answers:
537 Beginning at the bottom say 11, 18, and 2 (writing it in
365 its place) are 20. 5, 11, 14, and 6 (writing it) are 20,
? 5, 10. The number, omitted, is 62.
36
----
1000
_a._ 581 _b._ 625 _c._ 752 _d._ 314 _e._ ?
97 ? 414 429 845
364 90 130 ? 223
? 417 ? 76 95
---- ---- ---- ---- ----
1758 2050 2460 1000 2367
(8) _Trivialities and absurdities._--Bonds should not be formed between
insignificant or foolish questions and the labor of answering them,
nor between the general arithmetical work of the school and such
insignificant or foolish questions. The following are samples from
recent textbooks of excellent standing:--
On one side of George's slate there are 32 words, and on the other
side 26 words. If he erases 6 words from one side, and 8 from the
other, how many words remain on his slate?
A certain school has 14 rooms, and an average of 40 children in a
room. If every one in the school should make 500 straight marks on
each side of his slate, how many would be made in all?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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