Produced by Al Haines [Transcriber's note: This book has varying page headers. Those headers have been collected at the start of each chapter as an introductory paragraph.] [Frontispiece: 'The surveyor, often an explorer as well, striking out into the wilderness in search of mountain pass or lower grade.' From a colour drawing by C. W. Jefferys] THE RAILWAY BUILDERS A Chronicle of Overland Highways BY OSCAR D. SKELTON TORONTO GLASGOW, BROOK & COMPANY 1916 _Copyright in all Countries subscribing to the Berne Convention_ {v} CONTENTS Page I. THE COMING OF THE RAILWAY . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II. EARLY TRAVEL IN CANADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 III. THE CALL FOR THE RAILWAY . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 IV. THE CANADIAN BEGINNINGS . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 V. THE GRAND TRUNK ERA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 VI. THE INTERCOLONIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 VII. THE CANADIAN PACIFIC--BEGINNINGS . . . . . . . . 109 VIII. BUILDING THE CANADIAN PACIFIC . . . . . . . . . 131 IX. THE ERA OF AMALGAMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 X. THE CANADIAN NORTHERN . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 XI. THE EXPANSION OF THE GRAND TRUNK . . . . . . . . 196 XII. SUNDRY DEVELOPMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 XIII. SOME GENERAL QUESTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 {vii} ILLUSTRATIONS 'THE SURVEYOR, OFTEN AN EXPLORER AS WELL, STRIKING OUT INTO THE WILDERNESS IN SEARCH OF MOUNTAIN PASS OR LOWER GRADE' . . . . . . . . _Frontispiece_ From a colour drawing by C. W. Jefferys. THE FIRST RAILWAY ENGINE IN CANADA, CHAMPLAIN AND ST LAWRENCE RAILROAD, 1837 . . . . . . _Facing page_ 38 From a print in the Chateau de Ramezay. RAILROADS AND LOTTERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 48 An Early Canadian Prospectus. SIR FRANCIS HINCKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 66 From a portrait in the Dominion Archives. RAILWAYS OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA, 1860 (Map) . . . " 92 SIR GEORGE SIMPSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 110 From a print in the John Ross Robertson Collection, Toronto Public Library. SIR SANDFORD FLEMING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 114 From a photograph by Topley. FLEMING ROUTE AND THE TRANS-CONTINENTALS (Map) . . . " 118 {viii} RAILWAYS OF CANADA, 1880 (Map) . . . . . . . . . . . " 130 LORD STRATHCONA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 134 From a photograph by Lafayette, London. LORD MOUNT STEPHEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " 140 From a photograph by Wood and Henry, Dufftown. By courtesy of Sir William Van Horne.