Transfer Act passed--A moribund Government--The Canadian surveying party--Causes of the rebellion--Turbulent Metis--American interference--Disloyal ecclesiastics--"Governor" McDougall--Riel and his rebel band--A blameworthy governor--The "blawsted fence"--Seizure of Fort Garry--Riel's ambitions--Loyal rising--Three wise men from the East--_The New Nation_--A winter meeting--Bill of Rights--A Canadian shot--The Wolseley expedition--Three renegades slink away--The end of Company rule--The new Province of Manitoba 459 CHAPTER XLVI. PRESENT STATUS OF THE COMPANY. A great land company--Fort Garry dismantled--The new buildings--New _v._ old--New life in the Company--Palmy days are recalled--Governors of ability--The present distinguished Governor--Vaster operations--Its eye not dimmed 472 CHAPTER XLVII. THE FUTURE OF THE CANADIAN WEST. The Greater Canada--Wide wheat fields--Vast pasture lands--Huronian mines--The Kootenay riches--Yukon nuggets--Forests--Iron and coal--Fisheries--Two great cities--Towns and villages--Anglo-Saxon institutions--The great outlook 477 APPENDIX. A.--AUTHORITIES AND REFERENCES 483 B.--SUMMARY OF LIFE OF PIERRE ESPRIT RADISSON 489 C.--COMPANY POSTS IN 1856, WITH INDIANS 491 D.--CHIEF FACTORS (1821-1896) 493 E.--RUSSIAN AMERICA (ALASKA) 495 F.--THE CREE SYLLABIC CHARACTER 497 G.--NAMES OF H. B. CO. OFFICERS IN PLATE OPPOSITE PAGE 442 498 INDEX 499 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE Four great Governors of the Hudson's Bay Company _Frontispiece_ Map of Hudson Bay and Straits 6 Arms of the Hudson's Bay Company 18 Le Moyne D'Iberville 52 Comedey de Maisonneuve 82 Junction of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence 94 Map of Route of Scottish Merchants up the Ottawa to Lake Athabasca 96 Prince of Wales Fort 108 The Lac des Allumettes 116 Sir Alexander Mackenzie 130 Daniel William Harmon, Esq. 130 Johann Jacob Astor 194 Casanov, Trader and Chief 194