A vast region--First spiritual adviser--A _locum tenens_--Two French Canadian priests--St. Boniface founded--Missionary zeal in Mackenzie River district--Red River parishes--The great Archbishop Taché--John West--Archdeacon Cochrane, the founder--John McCallum--Bishop Anderson--English Missionary Societies--Archbishop Machray--Indian Missions--John Black, the Presbyterian apostle--Methodist Missions on Lake Winnipeg--The Cree syllabic--Chaplain Staines--Bishop Bridge--Missionary Duncan--Metlakahtla--Roman Catholic coast missions--Church of England bishop--Diocese of New Westminster--Dr. Evans--Robert Jamieson--Education 420 CHAPTER XLII. THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY AND THE INDIANS. Company's Indian policy--Character of officers--A race of hunters--Plan of advances--Charges against the Company--Liquor restriction--Capital punishment--Starving Indians--Diseased and helpless--Education and religion--The age of missions--Sturdy Saulteaux--The Muskegons--Wood Crees--Wandering Plain Crees--The Chipewyans--Wild Assiniboines--Blackfoot Indians--Polyglot coast tribes--Eskimos--No Indian war--No police--Pliable and docile--Success of the Company 431 CHAPTER XLIII. UNREST IN RUPERT'S LAND. 1844-1869. Discontent on Red River--Queries to the Governor--A courageous Recorder--Free Trade in furs held illegal--Imprisonment--New land deed--Enormous freights--Petty revenge--Turbulent pensioners--Heart burnings--Heroic Isbister--Half-breed memorial--Mr. Beaver's letter--Hudson's Bay Company notified--Lord Elgin's reply--Voluminous correspondence--Company's full answer--Colonel Crofton's statement--Major Caldwell, a partisan--French petition--Nearly a thousand signatures--Love, a factor--The elder Riel--A court scene--Violence--"Vive la liberté!"--The Recorder checked--A new judge--Unruly Corbett--The prison broken--Another rescue--A valiant doctor--A Red River Nestor 438 CHAPTER XLIV. CANADA COVETS THE HUDSON'S BAY TERRITORY. Renewal of licence--Labouchere's letter--Canada claims to Pacific Ocean--Commissioner Chief-Justice Draper--Rests on Quebec Act, 1774--Quebec overlaps Indian territories--Company loses Vancouver Island--Cauchon's memorandum--Committee of 1857--Company on trial--A brilliant committee--Four hundred folios of evidence--To transfer Red River and Saskatchewan--Death of Sir George--Governor Dallas--A cunning scheme--Secret negotiations--The Watkin Company floated--Angry winterers--Dallas's soothing circular--The old order still--Ermatinger's letters--McDougall's resolutions--Cartier and McDougall as delegates--Company accepts the terms 448 CHAPTER XLV. TROUBLES OF THE TRANSFER OF RUPERT'S LAND.