The republic of Cicero: Translated from the Latin; and Accompanied With a Critical and Historical Introduction.Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Philosophy
The republic of Cicero: Translated from the Latin; and Accompanied With a Critical and Historical Introduction.
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
Political science -- Early works to 1800; State, The -- Early works to 1800
XXXVI. But some years before, when the senate enjoyed the greatest
authority, the people being very patient and obedient, a new plan was
instituted. The consuls and the tribunes of the people abdicated the
magistracy, and ten men were created with the greatest authority, and
without appeal, who were to possess the supreme power, and to inscribe
the laws. Who when they with great equity and prudence, had written ten
tables of laws, appointed ten other decemvirs for the following year,
whose faith and justice are not in like manner praised. From which
college, however, comes that praiseworthy act of C. Julius, who stated
that in his presence a body had been dug out of the chamber of a
patrician, L. Sestius. Although he had supreme power, and as decemvir
was without appeal, he admitted him to bail, refusing to lose sight of
that most excellent law, which forbids sentence to be pronounced on the
head of a Roman citizen, unless in the meetings of the centuries.
XXXVII. A third decemviral year followed under the same men, they being
unwilling to appoint others. In this condition of the commonwealth,
which I have often already stated not to be lasting, because it is not
equable to all the orders of the state, the chief men had the whole
government in their hands; the most noble decemvirs being always
preferred. No tribunes of plebeians opposed to them, no other
magistrates associated with them, and no appeal left to the people
against death and stripes. Wherefore on account of the injustice of
these men, a great disturbance suddenly arose, and a revolution took
place in the whole commonwealth. They added two tables of iniquitous
laws, in which the very marriages which were even permitted to
strangers, were forbidden by an inhuman law, lest the plebeians should
connect themselves with the fathers; which law was afterwards abrogated
by the plebicist Canuleius. In all things they conducted themselves
libidinously, cruelly, and avariciously towards the people. Upon that
celebrated and well known affair contained in many literary records, in
which one Decimus Virginius on account of the outrage of one of the
decemvirs, slew his virgin daughter with his own hand in the Forum, and
fled lamenting to the army which was then on Mount Algide; the soldiers
abandoned the war they were then engaged in, and as was before done for
a similar cause, first came to the sacred mount, and next to the
Aventine * * * * *
[Eight pages wanting.]
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