The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish ConquestVillari, Luigi
History
The Republic of Ragusa: An Episode of the Turkish Conquest
Villari, Luigi
Dubrovnik (Croatia) -- History
But, as before, the surrender did not greatly affect the internal
affairs of the city, which continued to be managed by the citizens
themselves. Nor did Venetian suzerainty last long. The campaign
against the Eastern Empire ended most disastrously; the fleet was
decimated by disease, and returned to Venice in 1172 a complete wreck.
Venetian influence in Dalmatia was greatly reduced in consequence,
while that of the Empire revived proportionately, and lasted until
Manuel’s death in 1180. The country was, however, regarded as still in
a measure connected with Venice, and in the treaty of peace which the
latter made with William of Sicily in 1175 he promised not to invade
“the lands which are under the rule of the Doge of Venice and of the
Venetians,”[65] and Dalmatia was included among these.
In the meanwhile Ragusa was developing international relations of a
different character, _i.e._ with the Slavonic principalities of the
interior. In the earliest times Ragusan territory was limited to a
small part of the actual city, and for a long time did not extend
beyond the walls. Constantine Porphyrogenitus informs us that it
bordered on the two states of Zachulmia and Tribunia. The vineyards of
the Ragusans were on the territory of these tribes, and the citizens
paid a yearly tribute of thirty-six _numismata_ (gold pieces) to the
Prince of Zachulmia, and as much to the Prince of Tribunia.[66] As
the population increased they gradually extended their cultivation
to the whole of these districts. The Tribunian vineyards were in the
Župa of Žrnovica (Breno); those of Zachulmia in the Župa of Rijeka
(Ombla), as far as Malfi, and in that of Poljice.[67] The tribute
which the Ragusans paid for this privilege was called _margarisium_
or _magarisium_;[68] its value varied considerably. In 1363 that
due to the Zachulmians was of sixty _ipperperi_, paid by the owners
of the vineyards in proportion to the extent of their holdings.
The Zachulmians, on their side, sent a cow, called the _vacca di
margarisio_, which was divided between the Count of Ragusa and some
of the _boni homines_ (_optimates_) of the city. Later, instead of
one animal, several were sent.[69] Besides the tribute, the Ragusans
paid a tithe in kind to the Slave princelings. From time to time they
made special treaties with their neighbours, usually of a commercial
character. By one of these, which Resti dates 831,[70] Svetimir,
King of Bosnia, agreed to send 50 oxen, 500 sheep and goats, and 200
loads of oats to Ragusa, and to treat the Ragusans in his territory
as though they were his own subjects, while they were to send him
fourteen _braccia_[71] of red cloth. This indicates the city’s economic
position, which enabled it to send manufactured articles from the west
into the Balkan lands, while it bought from the latter the cattle and
foodstuffs which its own limited territory could not provide. Even in
later times most of the grain consumed by the Ragusans was imported
from abroad.
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