Cyrus, the Younger, approximately 423 B.C.-401 B.C.; Greece -- History -- Expedition of Cyrus, 401 B.C.; Iran -- History -- To 640
At the time of their greatest need, when Clearchus and the other
officers had been struck down by the treachery of Tissaphernes, the
Hellenes had vowed to offer sacrifices to the gods if ever they should
again be in a land peopled by men of their own race. When they made
the vow it seemed hardly possible to hope that they would ever be
in a position to fulfil it, but now the time had come, for now the
deliverance was accomplished.
It would have been a thing unknown for the Hellenes to celebrate any
great event without including among the ceremonies some contests of
physical strength and skill, which always attracted the presence of a
great crowd of spectators. Accordingly it was agreed that there should
be races of this kind on the occasion of the sacrifices offered as
thank-offerings to the gods for the safe return of the Ten Thousand,
and the arrangements were entrusted to a Spartan named Dracontius.
Dracontius could not arrange for races on the grand scale of the
celebrated games at Olympia to which all Hellas was accustomed to flock
once in every four years, but he was determined that at least there
should be no lack of amusement and excitement. Since he could not
command a fine level course strewn with sand, he chose instead a rugged
hill with a steep slope down to the sea, and when they asked him how it
would be possible to have a wrestling match on such rough ground, he
answered laughing, ‘Those who are thrown will get the hardest knocks.’
In accordance with the ancient custom, the first race was for boys,
but as among the soldiers there were no boys, this race was contested
by such of the prisoners as were still youths. Then came a foot-race
for which more than sixty Cretan soldiers had entered their names,
followed by a wrestling match, a boxing match, and the game called by
the Hellenes Pankration, which combined both wrestling and boxing.
All these games were watched with great enthusiasm by a crowd of
spectators, both men and women. Numbers of people had come out from the
town, dressed in their gayest apparel, and mingled with the soldiers,
lining both sides of the course. The successful combatants were greeted
with tremendous applause, and those who were defeated with shouts of
laughter.
Best as well as last of all, was the horse-race. The riders had to race
from the altar at the top of the hill down the slope to the sea, and
then turn and climb the hill again. They started off at full gallop,
but many of the horses tripped in the uneven ground, and rolled over
and over, while others who had gone down well enough, came toiling
back, unable to get beyond a walk. All this called forth peals of
laughter from the spectators, together with many shouts and cheers. The
prizes given to the winners were the skins of the animals that had been
slaughtered for the sacrifices.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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