The ritual and significance of the Winnebago medicine danceRadin, Paul
Religion
The ritual and significance of the Winnebago medicine dance
Radin, Paul
Thesis (Ph. D.); Winnebago Indians -- Rites and ceremonies
(_a_) Speeches of Welcome.—When the leader of the East Band enters
after the ancestor-host has begun the main ceremony (IV, _b_), he
addresses him as follows: “It was good of you that you condescended to
invite me to this dance. I am a poor pitiable man, and you believed me
to be a medicine-man. But I know that you will show me the true manner
of living, which I thought I possessed, but which I did not.” In this
strain he continues, weaving into his speech references to the ritual
connected with his band, and giving words of thanks for the beautiful
weather (should it be a clear day). In concluding, he thanks all again,
and informs them that he will sing a song. With slight alterations, the
leaders of the other bands address the ancestor-host similarly. The
ancestor-host’s answer of welcome is as follows: “Whatever I desired,
you have done for me. All night have you stayed with me, and by your
presence helped me in the proper performance of this ceremony. I am
ready with a dancing-song; and when I have finished it, and sit down, I
shall pass unto you tobacco and the other means of blessing (the gourds
and the drum). You all, who are present, do I greet.”
(_b_) Speeches of Acceptation.—After the ancestor-host has been
presented with food, he thanks the donors as follows: “You have had
pity on me. You have been good to me, and have given me to the full
whatever I might have desired. You have made my heart full of the
blessing of thankfulness. In return I give you a blessing. Here is
some food for you. It is not anything special, nor is it as much as it
ought to be, and I know you will remain hungry. It was prepared for the
spirits of the four quarters (whom you represent), but it is lacking in
all those qualities which would have made it acceptable to them. Such
as it is, however, may its presentation be a means of blessing to you!”
(_c_) Speech of Presentation.—East presents the food to the
ancestor-host with the following words: “I have not very much to tell
you, because I am too poor, but our ancestors told us to give food to
you. This little that I give you is all that I can do, being a person
of so little importance.”
(_d_) Explanatory Speeches.—These are of so specific a nature that no
single one can be considered typical.
(_e_) Speeches of Admonition.—“Nephew, now I shall tell you the path
you must walk, the life you must lead. This is the life the Rabbit
obtained for us. This is the only kind of life, this that our ancestors
followed. Listen to me. If you will always help yourself, then you will
attain to the right life. Never do anything wrong. Never steal, never
tell an untruth, and never fight. If you meet a woman on the left side
of the road, turn to the right. Never accost her, nor speak familiarly
with a person whom you are not permitted thus to address. If you do all
these things, then you will be acting correctly. This is what I desire
of you.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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