1. _England._ The EMME. Berkshire. _Switzerland._ The EMME. _Holland._ EMA, 10th ct., now the EEM--here? _Sweden._ The UMEA. _Asia._ The EMBA, also called the Djem. 2. _With the ending en._ _Switzerland._ The EMMEN. Two rivers. 3. _With the ending er._ _England._ The HUMBER. Humbre, _Cod. Dip._ The AMBER. Derbyshire. _Germany._ AMBRA, 8th cent., now the AMMER, and the EMMER. _Italy._ UMBRO ant., now the OMBRONE. 4. _With the ending el._ _England._ The AMBLE or HAMBLE. Hants. The AMELE or EMELE, now the Mole, in Surrey. _Germany._ The HAMEL. Hanover. _Belgium._ AMBL(AVA), 9th cent., now the AMBL(ÈVE). 5. _With the ending es, perhaps = Sansc. ambhas, water._ _England._ The HAMPS. Stafford. _France._ The AMASSE. Joins the Loire. _Germany._ AMISIA, 1st cent. The EMS in Westphalia. EMISA, 8th cent. The EMS in Nassau. 6. _With the ending st._[3] _Asia._ AMBASTUS ant. Now the Camboja. The whole of the above forms are to be traced back to the Sanscrit verb _ab_ or _amb_, signifying to move; and that probably to a more simple verb _â_. The Old Norse _â_, Ang.-Sax. _eâ_, water or river, contain then a root as primitive as language can show. We can resolve it into nothing simpler--we can trace it back to nothing older. And it is curious to note how the Latin _aqua_ has, in the present French word _eau_, come round again once more to its primitive simplicity. Curious also to note to what phonetic proportions many of the words, as the Avon, the Humber, &c., have grown, and yet without adding one particle of meaning, as I hold, to the primeval _â_. The root of the following group seems to be Sansc. _ux_ or _uks_, to water, whence Welsh _wysg_, Irish _uisg_, Old Belg. _achaz_, water or river. Hence also Eng. _ooze_, and according to Eichoff (_Parrallele des langues_), also _wash_. 1. _England._ The AXE, Devon. The AXE, Somers. The ASH, Wilts. _Cod. Dip._ ASCE. The ISACA, or ISCA (Ptolemy). The EXE. The ESK, Cumb. ESKE, Yorks. The ESK, in Scotland, five rivers. The USK, in Monmouthshire. _France._ The ISAC. Dep. Mayenne. The ESQUE. Normandy. The ACHASE. Dauphiné. _Germany._ ACHAZA, 10th cent., now the ESCHAZ. ACARSE,[4] 11th cent., now the AXE. The AHSE. Prussia. _Mœsia._ ŒSCUS ant. _Asia._ ACES ant. (Herodotus), now the OXUS or Amou. _Greece._ AXIUS ant., now the Vardar in Macedon.[5] AXUS or OAXES in Crete, still retains its name.