The River-Names of Europe

Name: The River-Names of Europe
Author: Ferguson, Robert

Ferguson, Robert

Names, Geographical -- Europe; Rivers -- Europe

1. _England._        The GADE. Herts.
    _Scotland._       GADA ant.,[48] now the JED by Jedburgh.
    _Germany._        The GOSE. Joins the Ocker.
                      GEIS(AHA), 8th cent., now the GEISA.
                      The GANDE, Brunswick--here, or to _can_, _cand_,
                        pure?
    _Switzerland._    The GIESS(BACH). Lake of Brienz.
    _Spain._          The GATA. Joins the Alagon.
    _Sweden._         The GOTHA or GŒTA.
                      The GIDEA, enters the G. of Bothnia.
    _Asia._           GYNDES (_Herodotus_), perhaps the Diala--here?

 2. _With the ending en._
    _Asia Minor._     CYDNUS ant., now the Tersoos Chai.

 3. _With the ending er._
    _Persia._         The GADER.
    _Sardinia._       CÆDRIUS ant., now the Fiume dei Orosei.

 4. _With the ending el._
    _Germany._        GISIL(AHA), 8th cent., now the GIESEL--here?

 5. _With the ending ed._
    _India._          The GADDADA.

 6. _Compounded with main, stream._
    _Switzerland._    The GADMEN.

From the Sansc. _arb_ or _arv_, to ravage or destroy, cognate with Lat.
_orbo_, &c., may be the following. To the very marked characteristic of
the Arve in Savoy I have referred at p. 6. But there is a word of
precisely opposite meaning, the Celt. _arab_, Welsh _araf_, gentle,
which is very liable to intermix.

 1. _France._        The ARVE and the ERVE.
    _Germany._       ORB(AHA), 11th cent., now the ORB.
    _Sardinia._      The ARVE and the ORBE.
    _Hungary._       The ARVA. Joins the Waag.
    _Spain._         The ARVA, three rivers, tributaries to the Ebro.

 2. _With the ending en._
    _Scotland._      The IRVINE. Co. Ayr.
    _France._        ARVENNA ant., now the ORVANNE.

 3. _With the ending el._
    _Germany._       ARBALO, 1st cent., now the ERPE.

 4. _With the ending es._
    _Asia Minor._    HARPĂSUS ant., now the HARPA.

In the Sansc. _cal_, to move, and the derivatives Sansc. _calas_, Gr.
κελης, Obs. Gael. _callaidh_, Latin _celer_, all having the same
meaning--the sense of rapidity seems sufficiently marked to include them
in this chapter.

 1. _Scotland._      The GALA. Roxburgh.
    _Sicily._        GELA ant.[49]
    _Illyria._       The GAIL.
    _Greece._        CALLAS ant., in Eubœa.
    _As. Turkey._    The CHALUS of Xenophon, now the Koweik.

 2. _With the ending en._
    _Ireland._       The CALLAN. Armagh.

 3. _With the ending er = Lat. celer?_
    _Italy._         CALOR ant., now the CALORE.

 4. _With the ending es = Sansc. calas, &c.?_
    _Germany._       CHALUSUS, 2nd cent., supposed to be the Trave.
                     The KELS, in Bavaria.
    _India._         The CAILAS.

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The River-Names of Europe

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