the interplay of constitutional forces in the period of the completed plutocracy and of the incipient revolution. Controlled in some instances by self-satisfaction and the spirit of repose and in others by greed and arrogance, the dominant institutions of government tended in the one case to sluggishness and decay, in the other to violence; whereas the harmony of the constitution, or its equivalent the soundness of Roman character, like a central sun, held the various institutions in the main to their respective orbits, compelling each to attend to its appropriate function. No retrospect of the Gracchan troubles induced the great historian to revise the view here expressed; for with his boundless faith in Rome he could never doubt that her constitution contained the cure of every evil which new conditions should breed within the state.[2239] Schulze, C. F., _Volksversammlungen der Römer_, 100-10; Peter, C., _Epochen der Verfassungsgesch. der röm. Republik_, 118-140 (on the general character of the period); Ihne, W., _History of Rome_, bk. vi; Long, G., _Decline of the Roman Republic_, I. chs. v, vii, viii; Mommsen, Th., _History of Rome_, bk. III, ch. xi; _Röm. Staatsrecht_, see index s. the various laws; Lange, L., _Röm. Altertümer_, ii. 116-351, and see index s. the various laws; _De legibus Aelia et Fufia commentatio_, in _Kleine Schriften_, i. 274-341; Neumann, C., _Geschichte Roms_, I. ch. i; Nitzsch, K. W., _Die Gracchen und ihre nächsten Vorgänger_, bks. i, ii; Willems, _Droit public Romain_, 178 ff.; Mispoulet, J. B., _Les institutions politiques des Romains_, I. 220 ff.; Hallays, A., _Les comices à Rome_, 67 f.; Maranca, _Il tribunato della plebe dalla lex Hortensia alla lex Cornelia_; Arndts, _Die lex Maenia de dote vom Jahr der Stadt Rom 568_, in _Zeitschr. f. Rechtsgesch._ vii (1868). 1-44; Voigt, M., _Die lex Maenia de dote vom Jahre 568 der Stadt_; _Die lex Fabia de plagiariis_, in _Verhdl. d. sächs. Gesellsch. d. Wiss._ xxxvii (1885). 319-345; Savigny, F. C. von, _Lex Cincia de donis et muneribus_, in _Vermischte Schriften_, i. 315-85; _Ueber die lex Voconia_, ibid. i. 407-46; _Schutz der Minderjährigen und die lex Plaetoria_, ibid. ii. 321-95; Garofalo, F. P., _Lex Cincia de donis et muneribus_, in _Bull. dell’ ist. di diritt. Röm._ xv (1903). 310-2; Krüger, P. and Mommsen, Th., _Anecdoton Livianum_, in _Hermes_, iv (1870). 371-6; Babelon, E., _Monnaies de la république Rom._ i. 37-69; Hill, G. F., _Greek and Roman Coins_, 44 ff.; Haeberlin, E. J., _Del più antico sistema monetario presso i Romani_, V, in _Rivista Italiana numismatica e scienze affini_, xix (1906). 611-46; Cunz, O., _Polybius und sein Werk_; Pais, E., _L’elezione del pontefice massimo Romano per mezzo delle_ XVII _tribù_; articles in Pauly-Wissowa, _Real-Encycl._ i. 576-80: L. Aimilius Paullus (Klebs); ii.