The Roman Wall: A historical, topographical, and descriptive account of the barrier of the lower isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Solway, deduced from numerous personal surveysBruce, J. Collingwood (John Collingwood)
History
The Roman Wall: A historical, topographical, and descriptive account of the barrier of the lower isthmus, extending from the Tyne to the Solway, deduced from numerous personal surveys
Bruce, J. Collingwood (John Collingwood)
Great Britain -- Antiquities, Roman; Walls, Roman -- Great Britain
Evidence is not wanting to prove, on the other hand, that quarries near
the line of the Roman Wall were wrought in the time of Hadrian. In an
old quarry near the top of Borcum, or Barcombe (a hill near the village
of Thorngrafton, and opposite to the station of BORCOVICUS), a large
number of Roman coins was found. They are described and figured in the
last Part of this work. Since none of the pieces of this hoard were
later than the time of Hadrian, and the coins of his reign and Trajan’s
were peculiarly fresh, it is agreed that the treasure must have been
deposited in Hadrian’s time. The quarry on Haltwhistle-fell (p. 81), it
will also be remembered, bore the name of the sixth legion, which, if
the reasoning in the next paragraph be admitted, will appear to have
been inscribed before the arrival of Severus in Britain.
It has already been observed that numerous stones along the line bear,
without any addition, the names of the second legion, the sixth, and the
twentieth. There can be no doubt that these legions and their
vexillations executed the principal part of the Work. The main bodies of
these forces, however, had their head-quarters, at the time of the
arrival of Severus, in districts of the country southward of the Barrier
line. The second legion, after the building of the Antonine Wall,
appears to have gone to Carleon, in South Wales, the Isca of the Romans.
The sixth legion removed to York before A.D. 190, where it continued as
long as the Romans remained in the island. Horsley, speaking of the
inscriptions on the Wall which mention this legion,[Sidenote: MOVEMENTS
OF THE LEGIONS.] says, ’some of them, from the characters and other
circumstances, may be supposed as ancient as Hadrian’s reign.' The
twentieth legion had taken up its abode at Chester, the DEVA of the
Romans, as early as the year 154. Though it is probable that Septimius
Severus may have taken detachments of these legions with him in his
Scottish campaign, it is not likely that he would withdraw the main
bodies from forts of such importance; and those which did accompany him
would find the discharge of their military duties sufficiently onerous,
without engaging in a work so vast as the building of the Wall.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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