p. 3, l. 84. «tithynge.» So with «th» in ll. 1787, 714, 783; in ll. 65, 91, 149, 324, etc., we read «tidinge». There are several instances where «d» and «th» in the middle of a word seem to be promiscuously used in this poem; as «hithire» l. 1265, «hider» 1869 (cf. also «dogdir» 2580, and «doghter» 96, 124, etc.). p. 3, l. 86. Mahounde, Appolyn and Termagant are the principal deities (cf. ll. 2105, 2177, 2761) of the Mahometans, who were considered as pagans = «payens» (ll. 535, 1040) or «paynym» (ll. 539, 866, etc.). Other idols of the Saracens are mentioned in ll. 2761–2 of the «Sowdone». Compare also Gautier’s note to l. 8, of his «Edition critique de la Chanson de Roland», and Skeat, «Prioress’s Tale» (Clarendon P.S.), 161/2000. p. 3, l. 88. «theyme» instead of «hem» occurs only three times in the poem (ll. 88, 1237, 2787). There must be some corruption here, as there is no rhyme to «theym». The last stanza ends at l. 87, and the next one begins at l. 89. As far as the sense is concerned we could easily do without this line; it ought perhaps to be regarded as spurious. p. 3, l. 93. «Ferumbras» is spelt differently in the different versions of the romance. In the «Sowdan» we always find «Ferumbras», in the Ashmole MS. «Ferumbras» and «Fyrumbras». He is called «Fierabras» in the French [p100] «Ferabras» in the Provençal version; the «Destruction» has «Fierabras», but more frequently «Fierenbras». In Caxton’s «Life of Charles the Great» his name is «Fyerabras», Skelton has «Pherumbras», Lyndsay «Pharambras», and in Barbour’s «Bruce» we read «Ferambrace»; see «Introduction», pp. xxv and xxxii. p. 4, l. 99. «Oliborn.» This name does not occur in any other version of this poem. The same is the case with regard to «Espiard», l. 103. None of the French versions gives any name to the Soudan’s messenger. In the Ashmole MS. l. 3823, the messenger is called «Malyngryas». p. 4, l. 102. «Assye» = Asia. This name does not occur in the other versions of the poem; cf. note to l. 1000. p. 4, l. 103. Cf. the «Destruction», l. 202: “Par tote la terre sont li baron mande” «ferre and nere», cf. ll. 117, 996, and the note to l. 528 of «Syr Ferumbras». p. 4, l. 104. «frike», “quick, bold,” O.E. «frec». See Stratmann, «Dictionary», p. 225. p. 4, l. 108. «Þon.» Compare «Introduction», p. xxxvii. p. 4, l. 109. The passage is not clear. Perhaps there is some corruption here and we ought to read: «anon rowte», “assembled quickly, immediately”; «rowte» would then be the preterite formed on the analogy of «lighte», «graunte», «commaunde», etc. See «Introduction», p. xxxviii. p. 4, l. 110. «Destruction», l. 217: “Par C fois M payen.” p. 4, l. 112. «douȝte» : «route». See «Introduction», p. xliv, and note to l. 9. p. 4, l. 113. «Lucafer» is the name of the Saracen King in all the versions of this romance but in the French one, where with the single exception of one passage (l. 2242 «Lucafer»), he is always called «Lucifer», cf. «Introd.» p. xx.