The argument as to the pagan origin of Irish cross-symbolism is pursued and developed, and the connection of the symbol in question with the Irish _Budh-gaye_ (corresponding to the Hindu _Budha-gaya_), or representative of generative power (_gaye-phallus_), demonstrated. The symbolism of which it forms a type is ubiquitous, being found in archaic sculpture all over the Eastern and Western World: nor did Plato exaggerate when he said--‘The letter X is stamped upon the universe.’ CHAPTER XXIII (PP. 325-340) A remarkable instance of this widely prevalent doctrine of the vicarious sacrifice of some incarnation of the Deity accomplished by a purely virginal conception is afforded in the Hindu _Puranas_, which recount the incarnation of _Vishnu_ (or _Crishna_) in the _White Island_, and the subsequent crucifixion of the fruit of this conception, under the name of _Sulivahana_ (cf. the Irish patronymic _Sulivan_), called also _Dhanandhara_, _i.e._ the _Sacred Almoner_ (cf. _Danaan_ and its meaning). Curiously enough, the mystic, or esoteric, name of ancient Ireland was _Muc Inis_, meaning _White Island_; and the details of a similar crucifixion are, with strictly pagan accompaniments, reproduced in the sculptures at Knockmoy, in Galway, which further closely resemble not only a sculptured portrayal on the temple of Kalabche, in Nubia, but a distinctly Eastern Buddhist group on the _Tuath-de-danaan_ cross at Old Kilcullen, County Kildare. CHAPTER XXIV (PP. 341-355) A striking instance of the resemblance between the Nubian and Knockmoy sculptures consists in the attire of the principal figures. In both the philibeg, or kilt, is worn; and this peculiarity is reproduced in idols of the Irish pagan god, _Phearagh_, or _Farragh_, or _Budh_, which have been from time to time exhumed. The headdresses and collars also correspond. In Buddhist Indian mythology Deva _Thot_ is represented as crucified; in fact, the expectation of salvation through the atonement of a crucified Mediator characterises the whole system of pagan (Sabaic) beliefs as thoroughly as it did Hebraism. It is expressed in one of the names of Ireland, namely, _Criach-na-Fuineadhach_ (meaning _the asylum of the expectants, or the retreat of those looking forward_), which was given to that country long before the advent of Christianity. CHAPTER XXV (PP. 356-367)