The Royal Institution: Its Founder and First ProfessorsJones, Bence
History
The Royal Institution: Its Founder and First Professors
Jones, Bence
Davy, Humphry, Sir, 1778-1829; Royal Institution of Great Britain; Rumford, Benjamin, Graf von, 1753-1814; Young, Thomas, 1773-1829
On December 15 he gave another Bakerian lecture on New Analytical
Researches on Alkalies, Phosphorus, Sulphur, &c. In this paper he says
his chief object was to show that there was oxygen in ammonia, and
that potassium was not a compound of the metal and hydrogen. He made
further experiments also on the decomposition of boracic, fluoric, and
muriatic acids.
On December 27, 1808, Davy wrote to Coleridge:
Alas, poor Beddoes is dead! He died on Christmas Eve. He wrote to
me two letters on two successive days--22nd and 23rd. From the
first, which was full of affection and new feeling, I anticipated
his state. He is gone at the moment when his mind was purified and
exalted for noble affections and great works.
My heart is heavy. I would talk to you of your own plans, which I
shall endeavour in every way to promote; I would talk to you of
my own labours, which have been incessant since I saw you and not
without result; but I am interrupted by very melancholy feelings,
which, when you see this, I know you will partake of. Ever, my dear
Coleridge, very affectionately yours,
H. DAVY.
On December 28 he wrote in the Laboratory Book, ‘We have tried a number
of experiments within the last few days on the muriatic and fluoric
acids, heating them with potassium.’
Early in 1809 Davy sent an appendix to his last Bakerian lecture to the
Royal Society. In it he spoke ‘of the general results being decisive
with regard to a decomposition of nitrogen having been effected.’
In a letter at this time he told his friend Mr. Children ‘he hoped to
show him nitrogen as a complete wreck, torn to pieces in different
ways.’
On January 18 he wrote, ‘Capital result from the action of potassium
on ammonia. Nitrogen was lost. If the nitrogen is to be considered as
converted into oxygen and hydrogen, it must be regarded as containing
much more oxygen than water; and if we do not adopt this supposition,
the only alternative is that water is the ponderable matter which,
under different modifications of electro-chemical existence,
constitutes oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and the nitrous compounds.’
On February 15 he wrote in the Laboratory Book, ‘Were a description,
indeed, to be given of all the experiments I have made, of all the
difficulties I have encountered, of the doubts that have occurred, and
the hypotheses formed--’ The sentence was not finished, and more time
was lost on the investigation.
Throughout the spring and summer more experiments were made on ammonia
and nitrogen.
He ignited potassium by the voltaic spark in nitrogen, and found
that some hydrogen was evolved and some nitrogen lost; but when the
potassium was free from potash this did not occur, and at last he gave
up trying to show that nitrogen was a compound of oxygen and a metallic
basis.
At the end of August he was working on tellurium and made telluretted
hydrogen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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