Transcriber’s Notes: A small number of obvious typos have been corrected. Except for these corrections, the spelling and punctuation of the book have not been changed. Underscores are used for italic markup; the three words that end this sentence _are in italics_. There are 113 footnotes in the source book marked by characters such as * and †. In this e-book each footnote has a unique marker that consists of a number enclosed by square brackets. All the footnotes have been moved to the end of the main text where each footnote is headed by its marker. THE RUSSIAN ARMY AND THE JAPANESE WAR [Illustration: GENERAL KUROPATKIN REVIEWING HIS TROOPS.] THE RUSSIAN ARMY AND THE JAPANESE WAR, BEING HISTORICAL AND CRITICAL COMMENTS ON THE MILITARY POLICY AND POWER OF RUSSIA AND ON THE CAMPAIGN IN THE FAR EAST, BY GENERAL KUROPATKIN. TRANSLATED BY CAPTAIN A. B. LINDSAY, 2ND KING EDWARD’S OWN GURKHA RIFLES TRANSLATOR OF “THE BATTLE OF TSU-SHIMA”; “THE TRUTH ABOUT PORT ARTHUR,” ETC. EDITED BY MAJOR E. D. SWINTON, D.S.O., R.E., AUTHOR OF “THE DEFENCE OF DUFFER’S DRIFT”; AND EDITOR OF “THE TRUTH ABOUT PORT ARTHUR.” WITH MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS IN TWO VOLUMES: VOL. II. NEW YORK E. P. DUTTON AND COMPANY 1909 PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN CONTENTS TO VOL. II CHAPTER IX PAGES Reasons for our reverses (_continued_): The insufficient tactical preparation of our troops—Measures taken to improve it 1–25 CHAPTER X Reasons for our reverses (_conclusion_): Particular difficulties of the strategic situation—Defects in organization and _personnel_—Absence of a military spirit in the army, and lack of determination in carrying operations to a finish—Breakdown of our organization under the strain of active service 26–97 CHAPTER XI Suggested measures for the improvement of the senior ranks; for the improvement of the regulars and reservists; for the reorganization of the reserve troops; for increasing the number of combatants in infantry regiments—Machine-guns—Reserve troops—Troops on the communications—Engineers —Artillery—Cavalry—Infantry—Organization generally 98–176