The Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha: Or, Review of the Different Systems of Hindu PhilosophyMadhava
ReligionEastern
The Sarva-Darsana-Samgraha: Or, Review of the Different Systems of Hindu Philosophy
Madhava
Philosophy, Hindu; Philosophy, Indic
The genus of water is that generality which is found with intimate
relation in water, being also found in intimate relation in river and
sea. The genus of fire is that generality which is found with intimate
relation in fire, being also found with intimate relation in the moon
and gold. The genus of air is that which is immediately subordinate to
substance, and is found with intimate relation in the organ of the
skin.[169]
As ether, space, and time, from their being single, cannot be
subordinate genera, their several names stand respectively for their
technical appellations. Ether is the abode of particularity, and is
found in the same subject with the non-eternal (_janya_) special
quality which is not produced by contact.[170]
Time is that which, being a pervading substance, is the abode of the
mediate cause[171] of that idea of remoteness (_paratva_) which is
not found with intimate relation in space;[172] while space is that
pervading substance which possesses no special qualities and yet is
not time.[173] The general terms _átmatva_ and _manastva_ are the
respective definitions of soul (_átman_) and mind (_manas_). The
general idea of soul is that which is subordinate to substance, being
also found with intimate relation in that which is without form[174]
(_amúrtta_). The general idea of mind is that which is subordinate to
substance, being also found existing with intimate relation in an
atom, but [unlike other atoms] not the intimate cause of any
substance. There are twenty-four qualities; seventeen are mentioned
directly in Kaṇáda's Sútras (i. 1, 6), "colour, taste, smell, touch,
number, quantity, severalty, conjunction, disjunction, remoteness,
proximity, intelligence, pleasure, pain, desire, aversion, and
effort;" and, besides these, seven others are understood in the word
"_and_," viz., gravity, fluidity, viscidity, faculty, merit, demerit,
and sound. Their respective genera (_rúpatva_, &c.) are their several
definitions. The class or genus of "colour" is that which is
subordinate to quality and exists with intimate relation in blue. In
the same way may be formed the definitions of the rest.
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