The Saxons in England, Volume 1 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquestKemble, John Mitchell
History
The Saxons in England, Volume 1 (of 2): A history of the English commonwealth till the period of the Norman conquest
Kemble, John Mitchell
Great Britain -- History -- Anglo-Saxon period, 449-1066
It is much to be regretted that this is all we learn on this subject,
which becomes very interesting when we remember how little trace there
is of phallic gods in the Northern mythology. But that Geát was a god,
and not merely a hero, is not left entirely to inference: it is
distinctly asserted by various and competent authorities: Nennius has
declared him to have been _filius dei_, not indeed the God of Hosts, and
God of Gods, but of some idol[691]. But Asser, who was no doubt well
acquainted with the traditions of Ælfred’s family, says[692], “Quem
Getam dudum pagani pro deo venerabantur,” which is repeated in the same
words by Florence of Worcester[693] and Simeon of Durham[694], and is
contained in a Saxon genealogy preserved in the Textus Roffensis,
“Geáta, ðene ða hǽðenan wurðedon for God.” We can therefore have no
scruple about admitting his divinity; and a comparison of the Gothic and
Scandinavian traditions proves the belief in it to have been widely
held. The name, which is derived from _geotan_, to pour, most probably
denotes only the special form in which Wóden was worshipped by some
particular tribes or families; and the occurrence of it in the
genealogies, only the fact that such tribes or families formed part of
the national aggregates, to whose royal line it belongs. But
nevertheless we must admit the personality attributed to him by those
tribes, and the probability of his having been, at least for them, the
national divinity. The circumstance of his name having left such deep
traces as we perceive in the quotations given above, proves not only the
especial divinity of the person, but perhaps also the political power
and importance of the worshippers[695].
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Footnote 689:
And see Geijer, Gesch. Schwed. i. 30. Gaut, Gautrek, Algaut,
Gauthilld. Yngl. Sag. cap. 38.
Footnote 690:
Cod. Exon. p. 378. If Geát really be Wóden, this is another
approximation to Hermes in his phallic character. Altogether the myth
of the ἱερός γάμος, so constant in Greek mythology, is scarcely
traceable in the North. The Wóden worship, at least, may have had
something more of the character of the Apollo worship among the
Dorians.
Footnote 691:
Nennius, § 31. Huntingdon follows Nennius, Hist. Angl. bk. ii.
Footnote 692:
De Reb. Gest. Ælfredi, an. 849.
Footnote 693:
Flor. Wig. Chron. an. 849.
Footnote 694:
De Reb. Gest. Regum, an. 849.
Footnote 695:
See the author’s edition of Beówulf, vol. ii. Postscript to the
Preface. Leo’s Beówulf, etc.; and Ettmuller’s Beówulf, etc., with the
last of whom, upon the maturest consideration, I find it impossible to
agree.
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Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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