The Scandinavian Element in the United States: University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences, Vol. 111, No. 3, September, 1914Babcock, Kendric Charles
History
The Scandinavian Element in the United States: University of Illinois Studies in the Social Sciences, Vol. 111, No. 3, September, 1914
Babcock, Kendric Charles
Scandinavians -- United States
The first five years of the little colony were full of hardships and
suffering. It was November of 1825 when they reached their destination;
the country was all new and thinly settled; their own land was wild and
could be cleared only with difficulty; and nothing could be grown upon
it before the following summer. Just one man among them, Lars Larson,
understood any English. By united efforts several families built a
log-house, where the winter was spent in a most crowded condition, worse
even than the three months in the close quarters of the "Restoration".
The only employment by which they could earn anything was threshing with
a flail in the primitive fashion of the time, and the wages consisted of
the eleventh bushel threshed. With these scanty earnings and the help of
kindly neighbors, they passed the dismal winter in a strange land. "They
often suffered great need, and wished themselves back in Norway, but
they saw no possibility of reaching Norway without sacrificing the last
mite of their property, and they would not return as beggars."[36] But
at length time, patience, and their own strength and diligence gave them
a foothold. The land was cleared and produced enough to support them. A
five years' apprenticeship made them masters of the situation; and when
at last they had the means to return to the parish of Skjold, the desire
had gradually faded out. Instead of re-migration, they were persuading
others to join them in the New World.
[36] Langeland, _Nordmændene i Amerika_, 15.
But the New Norway, or the New Scandinavia, was not to be located in the
Middle Atlantic States, though a beginning was made in Delaware and in
New York. Land was too dear around the older settlements even at $5 per
acre; the promised land was shifted to northern Indiana and northern
Illinois, where fine prairie tracts which needed no clearing could be
had for $1.25 per acre and upwards. And into these newer regions went
the settler and the land speculator, sometimes in one and the same
person. Schemes for internal improvement sprouted on every side, and
canal-building was much discussed as the best means of providing cheap
transportation.[37] One of these projects was for a canal from Lake
Michigan to the Illinois River, for which a land grant was made in 1827.
This canal would bring great prosperity to northern Illinois, it was
argued, just as the Erie Canal had developed central and western New
York; the price of land would go up, markets would be accessible, and
speculator and farmer would reap rich rewards.
[37] Ackerman, _Early Illinois Railroads_ (No. 23, _Fergus Hist.
Ser._), 19, quoting an editorial from the _Sangamo Journal_,
Oct. 31, 1835: "We rejoice to witness the spirit of internal
improvement now manifesting itself in every part of Illinois."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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