The Sea: Its Stirring Story of Adventure, Peril, & Heroism. Volume 2Whymper, Frederick
History
The Sea: Its Stirring Story of Adventure, Peril, & Heroism. Volume 2
Whymper, Frederick
Adventure and adventurers; Arctic regions; Ocean; Voyages around the world
On the other hand, when the electric light was restored, the
glory rose to its first high condition.... During the day-time I compared
the intensity of the light with that of the sun, and both looked at
through dark glasses. Its light was as bright as that of the sun, but the
sun was not at its brightest.”
The number of lights on a well-frequented coast being considerable, it is
of the utmost importance to arrange them so as to enable the mariner
easily to distinguish them from each other. Catoptric lights admit of nine
separate distinctions:—1, fixed; 2, revolving white; 3, revolving red and
white; 4, revolving red with two whites; 5, revolving white with two reds;
6, flashing; 7, intermittent; 8, double fixed lights; 9, double revolving
white lights. Mr. Stevenson thus defines their distinctive features:—“The
first exhibits a steady and uniform appearance which is not subject to any
change, and the reflectors used for it are of smaller dimensions than
those employed in revolving lights. This is necessary in order to permit
them to be ranged round the circular frame, with their axes inclined at
such an angle as shall enable them to illuminate every point of the
horizon. The _revolving_ light is produced by the revolution of a frame
with three or four sides, having reflectors of a larger size grouped on
each side with their axes parallel, and as the revolution exhibits once in
two minutes or once in a minute, as may be required, a light gradually
increasing to full strength and in the same gradual manner decreasing to
total darkness, its appearance is extremely well marked. The succession of
red and white lights is produced by the revolution of a frame whose
different sides present red and white lights, and these afford three
separate distinctions, namely, alternate red and white, the succession of
two white lights after one red, and the succession of two red lights after
one white light. The flashing light is produced in the same manner as the
revolving light; but, owing to a different construction of the frame, the
reflectors on each of eight sides are arranged with their rims or faces in
one vertical plane, and their axes in a line inclined to the
perpendicular. A disposition of the mirrors, which, together with the
greater quickness of the revolutions, which shows a flash once in five
seconds of time, produces a very striking effect, totally different from
that of a revolving light, and presenting the appearance of the flash
alternately rising and sinking, the brightest and darkest periods being
but momentary; this light is further characterised by a rapid succession
of bright flashes, from which it gets its name. The intermittent light is
distinguished by bursting suddenly into view and continuing steady for a
short time, after which it is suddenly eclipsed for half a minute. Its
striking appearance is produced by the perpendicular motion of circular
shades in front of the reflectors, by which the light is alternately hid
and displayed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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