Intermixture with Indians, in coast provinces, 18; in Argentina, 45, 80; in Paraguay, 166, 192; in Jesuit Republic, 187; in Brazil, 318, 346, 398 Irrigation, 14, 42 Isabel, Princess of Brazil, 456, 457, 484, 490, 494 Itamarica, 317, 319, 355, 363 Ituzaingo, battle of, 120, 261, 429 J Januaria, Princess of Brazil, 445, 446 January 19, 1811, battle of, 189 Jesuits, their work in Paraguay, 34, 170-176; republic, 60, 73, 74, 177; and Bohorquez, 64; and Paulistas, 66-68, 72, 347, 348; their work in Uruguay, 71, 238, 245; their work in Brazil, 169, 326 _et seq._; missions in northern Brazil, 374; missions on Amazon, 374, 382, 392; Pombal and, 397 Jews, 353, 358 John VI. of Portugal and Brazil, his troops defeat Artigas, 105; withdraws troops from Uruguay, 254; relations with Napoleon, 402; flight to Rio, 403, 404; Brazil's foreign relations under, 407; called back to Portugal, 411; unsupported by Brazil, 412; in fear of the people, 413; news of his death, 428 Jujuy, 15, 94 Juncal, battle of, 120, 262 L Labour, enforced, 194, 201 Laguna, 386 Land grants, 56, 338, 390, 406 Las Piedras, battle of, 92, 253 Latorre, Lorenzo, 277 Lautaro society, 96 Lavalle, General, 268 Lavalleja, General, 256, 259, 261, 262 Lima, 16, 51 Liniers, General, 83, 85, 87, 91, 251 Local self-government, strong sentiment in favour of, 34; right of, 115; struggles for, 380; effected, 401, 402, 439, 454; impaired, 444 Lopez II., unnatural cruelties of, 221 Lopez, Carlos Antonio, President of Paraguay, 199-205 Lopez, Francisco Solano, 141, 204-221, 274, 470 Lynch, Madame, 206 M Madeira Islands, 8, 37, 292, 361, 412 Madeira River, 314, 391, 392 Magellan, Fernando, 20, 21, 232 Magellan, Strait of, 21, 47 Maldonado, 230, 242, 250 Mandioc, 41, 306, 310, 371 Maranhao, location of, 309; French attempt to colonise, 345; captured by the Brazilian Creoles, 346; occupied by Maurice, 357; revolt in, 362, 375; new state, 371; Jesuits in, 374; development hindered, 393; takes a new start, 397; Portuguese expelled from, 420; not represented in Constituent Assembly, 422; adhesion to "Confederation of the Equator," 425; civil war in, 438; revolution in, 446, 452 Maria Gloria of Portugal, 428 Mascate rebellion, 381 Matte (Paraguayan) tea, 78 Matto Grosso, seized by Lopez, 142, 210; at the mercy of Lopez, 208; location of, 314; beginning of the state, 391; expedition against, 471; safety of, assured, 476 Maurice of Nassau, 356 Mello, Admiral, 504, 505 Mem da Sa, 335, 337 Mendoza, Pedro de, 23, 165, 236 Mendoza (city), 15, 41, 64, 106 Miguel, pretender to Portuguese crown, 428, 439 Military operations among uncivilised Indians, 18, 26