The starry skies : $b or, First lessons on the sun, moon and starsGiberne, Agnes
General
The starry skies : $b or, First lessons on the sun, moon and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
Some stars to the north do not rise or set at all, as seen from the
northern parts of Europe and North America. They only travel round and
round, in a circle about the Pole-star, which is almost exactly over
our north pole. Yet their movements too are from east to west.
If we lived in the southern hemisphere we should see the same thing
going on nightly, only with a different set of stars.
Then the far-south stars would circle round and round over the south
pole; and those lying over the north pole would be hidden by the Earth
lying between. But still the whole movement would be always from east
to west; never from west to east.
Each tiny star, bright or dim, takes its daily journey, like the sun,
once in twenty-four hours. No matter whether it has to go right round
the whole Earth or whether it only has to creep in a small circle round
the Pole-star--still the journey is always the same in length: always
close upon twenty-four hours. At the end of twenty-four hours it is
back at its starting point, and begins over again. Just as the Sun does.
If you look out at night sometimes, and watch carefully, you will see
for yourself something of this constant nightly journeying of the stars.
QUESTIONS.
1. Where does the Sun rise and set?
The Sun rises in the East and sets in the West.
2. Always in the East and West exactly?
Always to the east of our world and to the west of our world. Not due
east and due west of each particular country always.
3. When is the Spring Equinox?
On the twenty-first of March.
4. When is the Autumn Equinox?
On the twenty-first of September.
5. What does the word Equinox mean?
Equal nights. At the Equinox, days and nights are of the same length
over almost the whole world.
6. When is the Summer Solstice?
On the twenty-first of June.
7. When is the Winter Solstice?
On the twenty-first of December.
8. In what direction does the Sun rise and set at the Equinoxes?
At each of the equinoxes the sun rises due east, and sets due west,
over all the world, except at the poles.
9. At the Summer Solstice where does the Sun rise and set?
To people in England, or in Canada, or in the northern States, he rises
in the north-east and sets in the north-west.
10. And in the Winter Solstice?
To those same places he rises then in the south-east and sets in the
south-west.
11. What do we call the highest point in the heavens, exactly over
one’s head?
The zenith.
12. Does the Sun ever reach the zenith in England, or in the northern
parts of North America?
Never. He rises much higher in summer than in winter at midday, but he
is always to the south of the highest point.
13. When or where may the Sun be seen precisely overhead?
On the equator, at the two equinoxes.
14. At what hour of the day may the Sun be seen exactly overhead?
Only at Mid-day.
15. Do any other heavenly bodies rise and set?
Yes; the Moon and the Stars; in fact, nearly all the heavenly bodies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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