The Steam Engine Familiarly Explained and Illustrated: With an historical sketch of its invention and progressive improvement; its applications to navigation and railways; with plain axioms for railway speculatorsLardner, Dionysius
History
The Steam Engine Familiarly Explained and Illustrated: With an historical sketch of its invention and progressive improvement; its applications to navigation and railways; with plain axioms for railway speculators
Lardner, Dionysius
Steam-engines -- Early works to 1850
The slide is moved by a lever, which is worked by the eccentric from
the fly-wheel.
(63.) Watt suggested a method of regulating the circulation of steam,
which is called the D valve, from the resemblance which the horizontal
section of the valve has to the letter D. This method, which is very
generally used, is represented in section in figs. 24, 25. Steam from
the boiler enters through S. A rod of metal connects two solid plugs,
A B, which move steam-tight in the passage D. In the position of the
apparatus represented in fig. 24. the steam passes from S through the
passage D, and enters the cylinder above the piston; while the steam
below the piston passes through the open passage by the tube C to the
condenser. A vacuum is thus formed below the piston, while the
pressure of steam is introduced above it, and it accordingly descends.
When it has arrived at the bottom of the cylinder, the plugs A B are
moved into the position in fig. 25. Steam now passing from S through
D, enters the cylinder below the piston; while the steam which is
above the piston, and has just pressed it down, passes through the
open passage into the condenser. A vacuum is thus produced above the
piston, and the steam pressure below forces it up. When it has arrived
at the top of the cylinder, the position of the plugs A B is again
changed to that represented in fig. 24., and a similar effect to that
already described is produced, and the piston is pressed down; and so
the process is continued.
The plugs A B, and the rod which connects them, are moved up and down
by proper levers, which receive their motion from the eccentric.
This contrivance is frequently modified, by conducting the steam from
above the piston to the condenser, through a tube in the plugs A B,
and their connecting rod. In figs. 26, 27. a tube passes through the
plugs A B and the rod which joins them. In the position fig. 26. steam
entering at S passes through the tube to the cylinder above the
piston, while the steam below the piston passes through C into the
condenser. A vacuum being thus made below the piston, and steam
pressing above it, it descends; and when it has arrived at the bottom
of the cylinder, the position of the plugs A B and the tube is changed
to that represented at fig. 27. The steam now entering at S passes to
the cylinder below the piston, while the steam above the piston passes
through C into the condenser. A vacuum is thus produced above the
piston, and steam pressure introduced below it, so that it ascends.
When it has arrived at the top of the cylinder, the plugs are moved
into the position represented in fig. 26., and similar effects being
produced, the piston again descends; and so the motion is continued.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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