The existence of the brokers as part of the system prevailing in the Stock Exchange is justified, not only by the fact that they are experienced in making the best terms with the jobbers, and by the fact that they are able to go direct to the market and the man who will at once buy or sell any one of the thousands of securities ranging from Consols down to Klondyke mining shares, but also by the fact that they perform many services of a somewhat intricate and technical nature connected with the buying and the selling. Transfers of inscribed stock have to be explained, and the client has to be identified at the bank, share certificates have to be obtained and delivered, arrangements have to be made for carrying over shares when a client does not desire to pay for them at the time of settlement, other detailed duties of the kind have to be performed, and, above all, the broker is frequently called upon to give expert advice as to investments and speculations, and to keep the client informed as to when to buy or sell. It may take days of watchfulness and inquiry to execute a single order when the client fixes a limit, that is, when he gives an order to purchase not above a certain price, or to sell not below a certain price. For all this the broker receives a commission which must not be less than a scale laid down by the Committee. In the case of British and India Government securities, the scale is 2_s._ 6_d._ per cent. on the nominal value of stock bought or sold; for Bank of England and Bank of Ireland stock it is 5_s._ per cent. on the actual money paid or received; for British and other Corporation stocks and Colonial Government securities and for American and foreign railroad bonds, 5_s._ per cent. on the nominal value; for foreign Government bonds the rate is 2_s._ 6_d._ on the nominal value; for railway ordinary and deferred ordinary stocks the rate varies from 1/16 per cent. on the nominal value when the price is under £25 to 1 per cent. on the nominal value when the price is over £200; for other registered stocks the rate is 1/2 per cent. on the money. In the case of shares, the commission varies from 1-1/2_d._ to 2_s._ 6_d._ per share, according to the nominal value of each share, when the value is less than £25; for shares of the nominal value of £25 each or over, the rate is 10_s._ per cent. on the actual money. In the case of transactions over £1,000 the broker may charge half these rates. All these, of course, are minimum rates. There is nothing to prevent the broker charging more, if he can get it, but in practice the minimum has become the recognised scale.