The Story of a Boulder; or, Gleanings from the Note-book of a Field GeologistGeikie, Archibald
Science
The Story of a Boulder; or, Gleanings from the Note-book of a Field Geologist
Geikie, Archibald
Geology; Petrology
The tourist who has visited any of our granitic districts, such as the
south-western parts of Cornwall, the rugged scenery of Arran, or the
hills of the Aberdeenshire Highlands, must be familiar with some of the
forms of waste which the rocks of these regions display. Mouldering
blocks, poised sometimes on but a slender base, and eaten away into the
most fantastic shapes, abound in some localities, while in other parts,
as for instance at the summit of Goatfell in Arran, the rock weathers
into a sort of rude masonry, and stands out in its nakedness and ruin
like some crumbling relic of Cyclopean art. In other districts, as in
Skye and in the adjoining island of Raasay, the granitic hills are
of a still more mouldering material. Their summits, white and bald,
sometimes rise to a height of fully two thousand feet above the sea,
while down their sides are spread long reddish-yellow tracks of debris
intermingled with patches of stunted herbage. Every winter adds to the
waste, and lengthens the lines of rubbish. Some of these hills form a
good field wherein to study the disintegration of granitic rocks, such,
for instance, as Beinn na Cailleaich, that rises from the shores of
Broadford Bay. Around the eastern base of that mountain there stretches
a flat moory district, with a few protruding blocks that have rolled
down into the plain. The earlier part of the ascent lies over a region
of metamorphic limestone, where the grey weathered masses of the
calcareous rock, often like groups of mouldering tombstones, are seen
protruding in considerable numbers through the rich soft grass and the
scanty brushwood of hazel and fern. Leaving this more verdant zone, we
enter a district of brown heath that slowly grows in desolation as we
ascend. Huge blocks of syenite--a granitic rock of which the upper part
of the mountain entirely consists--cumber the soil in every direction,
and gradually increase in numbers till the furze can scarcely find a
nestling-place, and is at last choked altogether. Then comes a scene
of utter desolation. Grey masses of rock of every form and size are
piled upon each other in endless confusion. Some of them lie buried in
debris, others tower above each other in a rude sort of masonry, while
not a few perched on the merest point seem but to await the storms of
another winter to hurl them down into the plain. The ascent of such a
region is no easy task, and must not unfrequently be performed on hands
and knees. But once at the top, the view is enough to compensate a
tenfold greater exertion. Far away to the west, half sunk in the ocean,
lie the isles of Eigg, Coll, and Tiree, with the nearer mountains of
Rum. North-west, are the black serrated peaks of the Coolins, that
stand out by themselves in strange contrast with every other feature
of the landscape. Northward, stretches the great range of syenitic
hills, with the sea and the northern Hebrides beyond. Away to the east,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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