The Story of Genesis and Exodus: An Early English Song, about 1250 A.D.
Religion
The Story of Genesis and Exodus: An Early English Song, about 1250 A.D.
Bible. Exodus -- History of Biblical events -- Poetry; Bible. Genesis -- History of Biblical events -- Poetry; Christian poetry, English (Middle)
6. No inflection of the adjective in the accusative singular. The phrase
'_godun_ dai,' good day, in l. 1430, p. 41, contains a solitary instance of
the accusative of the adjective, but it is, no doubt, a mere remnant of the
older speech, just like our 'for _the n_once' (= for _then_ once), and is
no proof that the writer or his readers employed it as a common inflection.
The form _godun_ is a corruption of _godne_, as it is more properly written
in works in the Southern dialects as late as the middle of the fourteenth
century.
7. Adjectives and adverbs with the termination _-like_.
The Southern form is, for adjectives, _-lich_ (sing.), _-liche_ (pl.); for
adverbs _-liche_. Thus the adoption of this affix really (though at first
it appears a matter of no importance) marks a _stage_ in the language when
the distinction between the sing. and pl. form of adjectives was not very
strictly observed, and was, moreover, a step towards our modern _-ly_,
which is adjectival as well as adverbial.
Even in this poem adjectives occur in _-li_, as _reuli_ = piteous, which is
the earliest example I have met with. Orm employs double forms in _-like_
and _-liȝȝ_ (= _ly_?). _-ly_ has arisen not out of _-lich_ or _-liche_
(which would have become _lidge_ or _litch_), but out of some such softened
form as _liȝ_.
8. The tendency to drop the initial _y_, _i_ (A.S. _ge_) of the passive
participles of strong verbs.
The Ormulum has two or three examples of this prefixal element, and in our
poem it occurs but seldom.
IV. A tendency to drop the _t_ of the second person of verbs, as _as_,
hast; _beas_, beëst; _findes_, findest.
Examples of this practice are very common in the Bestiary and Genesis and
Exodus, but it occurs only four times in the Ormulum.[19] It was very
common for the West-Midland to drop the _-e_ of 2nd person in strong verbs.
See Preface to O.E. Homilies, 1st Series.
V. The use of _arn_, _aren_, for _ben_ of the Midland dialect, or _beð_ of
the Southern dialect.[20]
VI. The employment of the adverbs _thethen_, _hethen_, _quethen_ (of
Scandinavian origin),[21] instead of the Southern _thenne_ (_thennen_),
thence; _henne_ (_hennen_), hence; _whanne_ (_whanene_), whence.
VII. The use of _oc_, _ok_ (also, and), a form which does not occur in any
specimen of a Southern, West-Midland, or Northern dialect that has come
under my notice. The use of _on_, _o_, for the Southern _an_ or _a_, as
_onlike_, _olike_, alike, _on-rum_, apart, _on-sunder_, asunder, is also
worth noticing.
VIII. The coalition of the pronoun _it_ with pronouns and verbs, as _get_
(Bestiary) = she it (_ȝhöt_ in Ormulum; cf. _þüt_ = _thu itt_, thou it);
_tellet_ = tell it; _wuldet_ = would it; _ist_ = is it, is there; _wast_,
was it, was there, etc. _þit_ = _þe_ + _hit_ = who it, occurs in O.E.
Homilies, 2nd Series.
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