The Story of the American Merchant MarineSpears, John Randolph
History
The Story of the American Merchant Marine
Spears, John Randolph
Merchant marine -- United States
As noted in the _Story of the New England Whalers_, there is abundant
reason for saying that "out of the 1700 men who had manned Nantucket
whalers before the war, some hundreds shipped on the privateers. They took
kindly to a calling in which there was such a strong element of chance.
The hope of good luck was strong within them." When an American privateer
was captured by the enemy, they separated the Nantucket men from the
remainder of the crew, and then by bribery on the one hand, and starvation
and other kinds of ill treatment, on the other, they forced as many as
possible into the English whaleships.
Many more tales might be related, but the facts here given show well
enough that the men who were at once woodsmen, ship-builders, fishermen,
and sailors could also fight. It is especially notable that they could
usually think calmly and decide swiftly, as Haraden did. The conditions
under which the American seamen of the period had been reared had
made them, as so frequently pointed out herein, at once resourceful,
enterprising, persistent, and unafraid.
The records of the privateers are so few in number that only imperfect
estimates can be made of the number and force of the fleet. The
Continental Congress bonded 1699 privateers during the war, but since many
ships were bonded more than once, some under different names, it is not
possible to say how many individual ships were thus represented. Further
than that the colonies commissioned many vessels that had no commission
from the Congress. Hale, in Winsor's _History of America_, says that
Massachusetts owned 600 privateers. Salem alone owned 158. More than 200
were owned in Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire. The fleets
of the Delaware, the Chesapeake, and of Charleston were considerable.
Certainly more than 1000 armed ships were sent to sea by American owners
to seize the merchantmen of the enemy. The fishing smack _Wasp_, carrying
9 men and no cannon, was, perhaps, the weakest;[3] the _Deane_, carrying
30 cannon and 210 men, was the most powerful. There were 40 American
privateers of the force of 20 guns and 100 men or larger.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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