The Story of the Great War, Volume 1: Introductions; Special Articles; Causes of War; Diplomatic and State Papers
History
The Story of the Great War, Volume 1: Introductions; Special Articles; Causes of War; Diplomatic and State Papers
World War, 1914-1918
On July 26, 1914, the Russian Ambassador at Berlin informed the
German Government that he was instructed to state that any
annexation by Austria-Hungary of Serbian territory would not be
looked upon by Russia with indifference. The German Emperor, who had
been away from Berlin, returned hastily to the capital. As the
crisis approached the British Government once more attempted to have
the matters in dispute settled by mediation. The following telegram
was dispatched from Downing Street to the British Ambassadors at
Paris and Rome: "London, Foreign Office, July 26, 1914. Would
Minister of Foreign Affairs be disposed to instruct ambassador here
to join with representatives of France, Italy, and Germany, and
myself to meet here in conference immediately for the purpose of
discovering an issue which would prevent complications? You should
ask the Minister of Foreign Affairs whether he would do this. If so,
when bringing the above suggestions to the notice of the Governments
to which they are accredited, representatives of Belgrade, Vienna,
and St. Petersburg, could be authorized to request that all active
military operations should be suspended pending results of the
conference."
But this move had come too late. The British Ambassador to Berlin
reported by telegraph to his Government on July 27, 1914, that the
Imperial German Government considered that the proposed conference
amounted practically to a court of arbitration and could not be
called except at the behest of Austria-Hungary and Russia. The
German Government therefore turned down the British proposal. But
Germany was not for provoking a war; the German Ambassador at London
informed the British Foreign Office that his Government was willing
to accept in principle the mediation of the powers between Austria
and Russia.
The question of whether the alliances between the various nations
would hold under a strain now became pointed. The Russian Government
informed the British Government on July 27, 1914, that the
impression prevailed in Berlin and Vienna that England would stand
aloof under any circumstances, differences between Russia and
Austria notwithstanding. But on the same day Sir Edward Grey,
British Minister for Foreign Affairs, dispelled these impressions in
a telegram to the British Ambassador at St. Petersburg. "The
impression ought to be dispelled by the orders we have given to the
First Fleet," it read in part, "which is concentrated, as it
happens, at Portland, not to disperse for maneuver leave." On July
28, 1914, the British Government was informed that France and Russia
were agreeable to having a conference called in London; the Italian
Government had already reported that it agreed to this plan, but the
refusal of Germany, mentioned above, rendered these communications
useless.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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