It is not intended to give a complete bibliography of the works of the modern Portuguese school of historians, but the author thinks it worth while to refer to some of the books which he has used, and which can be recommended as trustworthy guides to those who may wish to examine further into the history of Portugal. First with regard to documents, the _Colleccão de Livros ineditos de Historia Portugueza_, edited by Correa da Serra, and the _Colleccão dos principaes Auctores da Historia Portugueza_, and the _Portugalliæ Monumenta Historica_, edited by Herculano, contain the best editions of the old chroniclers; while perpetual reference must be made to the _Quadro elementar das Relacões politicas e diplomaticas de Portugal_ of the Viscount of Santarem, which was continued by Rebello da Silva as the _Corpo diplomatico Portuguez_, and contains in thirty-six volumes, published between 1856 and 1878, the “_fœdera_” of Portugal up to 1640, and to the _Colleccão dos Actos publicos celebrados entre a Coroa de Portugal e as mais Potencias desde 1640 até o Presente_, edited by J. Ferreira Borges de Castro and J. Judice Biker. As consecutive narratives, the short history of J. P. Oliveira Martins, and the illustrated popular history, which is the joint work of Antonio Ennes, B. Ribeiro, E. Vidal, G. Lobato, L. Cordeiro and Pinheiro Chagas may be read; but it would be far better to study the more scientific works of Alexander Herculano, _Historia de Portugal_, 4 vols., 1848-53, which goes to 1279, and _Da Origem e Estabelecimento da Inquisicão em Portugal_, 2 vols., 1854-57; the _Historia de Portugal pendente XVI. e XVII. Seculos_, 5 vols., 1860-71, by L. A. Rebello da Silva; _Historia de Portugal desde os Fins do XVII. Seculo até 1814_, 1874, by J. M. Latino Coelho; and _Historia da Guerra civil e do Estabelecimento do Governo Parlamentar em Portugal_, 6 vols., 1866-1881, by S. J. da Luz Soriano. Among special books of interest in different languages may be noted _Memorias para a Historia e Theoria das Cortes_, by the Viscount of Santarem, 1828; _Las Rainhas de Portugal_, by F. da Fonseca Benevides, 1878; _History of the Revolutions of Portugal from the Foundation of that Kingdom to the year 1677, with the Letters of Sir R. Southwell during his Embassy there to the Duke of Ormond_, by R. Carte, 1740; _Les Faux Don Sébastien_, by Miguel Martins d’Antas, Paris, 1866; _Le Chevalier de Jant_; _Rélations de la France avec le Portugal au temps de Mazarin_, by Jules Tessier, Paris, 1877; and _Life of Prince Henry the Navigator_, by R. H. Major, 1868. Coming to the history of the present century, the great _History of the Peninsular War_, by Gen. Sir W. F. P. Napier, is justly famous in all countries, and it is so well known that only a very few pages have been devoted to the subject in the present volume; but reference has also been made to the _Historia geral da Invasão dos Francezes em Portugal_,