The story of the sun, moon, and starsGiberne, Agnes
Science
The story of the sun, moon, and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
A few of the more well-known comets have been mentioned; but a year
rarely passes in which at least one comet is not discovered, though
often only a small specimen, sometimes even tailless and hairless. No
doubt many others pass unseen. The large and grand ones only come to
view now and then.
What are comets and meteorites made of? Respecting comets, a good
many ideas are put forth, and a good many guesses are made, as to
“burning gas,” “luminous vapor,” “beams of light,” and so on. But in
truth, little is known about the matter. Respecting meteorites, we can
speak more certainly. A good many meteorites have fallen to earth as
aerolites, and have been carefully examined. They are found to contain
nickel, cobalt, iron, phosphorus, and sometimes at least, a large
supply of hydrogen gas.
Not only do solid aerolites fall half-burnt to the ground, but even
when the meteorites are quite consumed in the air, the fine dust
remaining still sinks earthward. This fine dust has been found upon
mountain-tops, and has been proved by close examination to be precisely
the same as the material of the solid aerolites.
A luminous body of sensible dimensions rapidly traverses space,
diffusing on all sides a vivid light--like a globe of fire of which
the apparent size is often comparable with that of the moon. This
body usually leaves behind it a perceptible luminous train. On or
immediately after its appearance it often produces an explosion, and
sometimes even several successive explosions, which are heard at great
distances. These explosions are also often accompanied by the division
of the globe of fire into luminous fragments, more or less numerous,
which seem to be projected in different directions. This phenomenon
constitutes what is called a _meteor_, properly speaking, or a
_bolide_. It is produced during the day as well as the night. The light
which it causes in the former case is greatly enfeebled by the presence
of the solar light, and it is only when it is developed with sufficient
intensity that it can be perceived.
In the British Museum there is a superb collection of meteorites. They
have been brought together from all parts of the earth, and vary in
size from bodies not much larger than a pin’s-head up to vast masses
weighing many hundred pounds. There are also many models of celebrated
meteorites, of which the originals are dispersed through various other
museums.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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