The story of the sun, moon, and starsGiberne, Agnes
Science
The story of the sun, moon, and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
Meteors, or bolides, or fireballs, are of much the same nature as
meteorites; but they are larger, longer to be seen, and slower in
movement. Also, it is not uncommon for them to burst with a loud
explosion. Early in the present century such a meteor visited Normandy.
It exploded with a noise like the roll of musketry, scattering
thousands of hot stones over a distance of several miles. A great
number of them were collected, still smoking. The largest of these
stones weighed no less than twenty pounds. Happily no one seems to have
been injured. Other such falls have taken place from time to time.
Sometimes bright, slowly-moving meteors have been seen, looking as
large as the moon.
A remarkable fireball appeared in England on November 6, 1869. This
fireball was extensively seen from different parts of the island, and
by combining and comparing these observations, we obtain accurate
information as to the height of the object and the velocity with which
it traveled. It appears that this meteor commenced to be visible at
a point ninety miles above Frome, in Somersetshire, and that it
disappeared at a point twenty-seven miles over the sea, near St. Ives,
in Cornwall. The whole length of its course was about 170 miles, which
was performed in a period of five seconds, thus giving an average
velocity of thirty-four miles a second. A remarkable feature in the
appearance which this fireball presented was the long, persistent
streak of luminous cloud, about fifty miles long and four miles wide,
which remained in sight for fully fifty minutes. We have in this
example an illustration of the chief features of the phenomena of a
shooting-star presented on a very grand scale. It is, however, to be
observed that the persistent luminous streak is not a universal, nor,
indeed, a very common characteristic of a shooting-star.
If we may liken comets to the _fishes_ of the Solar System--and in
their number, their speed, their varying sizes, their diverse motions,
they may be fairly so likened--we may perhaps speak of the meteorites
as the _animalcula_ of the Solar System. For, in comparison with the
planets, they are, in the matter of size, as the animalcula of our
ponds in comparison with human beings. In point of numbers they are
countless.
Take a single drop of water from some long-stagnant pond, and place
it under a powerful microscope. You will find it to be full of life,
teeming with tiny animals, darting briskly to and fro. The drop of
water is in itself a world of living creatures, though the naked eye
of man could never discover their existence. So with the meteorites.
There is good reason to believe that the Solar System fairly teems with
them. We talk of “wide gaps of empty space,” between the planets; but
how do we know that there is any such thing as empty space to be found
throughout all the sun’s domain?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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