The Survey, Volume 30, Number 5, May 3, 1913Various
History
The Survey, Volume 30, Number 5, May 3, 1913
Various
Charities -- Periodicals; Social problems -- Periodicals; United States -- Social conditions -- Periodicals
The facts are that the cost of this reform was borne by the men. The
Steel Corporation did not pay its men their old earnings for their new
six day stint. It would be interesting to know the actual wages received
by the larger proportion of those who left the employ of the Corporation
in order that they might work seven days a week for other companies. We
should then be able to draw our own conclusions as to whether it was a
passion for work or a desire to support their families in decency and
comfort that led them to look elsewhere for work when their earnings
were reduced by one-seventh.
But the Steel Corporation found itself, according to its own testimony,
in a quandary. A committee of its own stockholders had recommended an
abolition of the twelve-hour day. The finance committee had considered
the matter carefully and reported back that because its competitors had
not changed from the twelve-hour day, they could not. It was a practical
difficulty and they intimated that they were unable to solve it. It was
to cut this Gordian knot that Charles M. Cabot, the Boston stockholder
who was responsible for the investigation conducted last year by the
stockholders’ committee headed by Stuyvesant Fish, went to the meeting
on April 21 with this resolution:
“Voted, that in view of the Finance Committee’s report that the change
from the twelve to the eight-hour day in continuous twenty-four hour
processes in our mills and plants is impracticable unless similar
action is taken by our competitors; and, further, in view of the
fruitful results which followed the appointment by the American Iron
and Steel Institute at the instigation of officers of our Corporation
of a committee on seven-day labor, which action has led to the very
general establishment of the six day week in the steel industry of the
United States; that the stockholders request the directors to enlist
the co-operation of the steel manufacturers of the United States in
establishing the eight-hour day in continuous twenty-four hour
processes.”
The purpose of this resolution was to provide the quickest, most
efficient manner of solving the dilemma in which the Corporation found
itself, and to provide a way whereby there could be restored to the
workers such a working schedule, as would not sap their vitality or
prevent them from having what the stockholders’ committee thought was
necessary time for relaxation and for association with their families.
That this resolution was tabled with the consent of the officials of the
Corporation, will undoubtedly be interpreted by many as an indication
that the Corporation was not sincere in its plea that its hands were
tied in trying to meet the demand of the Fish committee for a reduction
in hours.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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