The Survey, Volume 30, Number 5, May 3, 1913Various
History
The Survey, Volume 30, Number 5, May 3, 1913
Various
Charities -- Periodicals; Social problems -- Periodicals; United States -- Social conditions -- Periodicals
“The question should be considered from a social as well as a physical
point of view. When it is remembered that the twelve hours a day to
the man in the mills means approximately thirteen hours away from his
home and family—not for one day, but for all working days—it leaves
but scant time for self improvement, for companionship with his
family, for recreation and leisure. It is important that any industry
be considered in its relation to the home life of those engaged in it,
as to whether it tends to weaken or strengthen the normalness and
stability of family life. By a reasonable conserving of the strength
of the working population of today may we be best assured of a
healthy, intelligent, productive citizenship in the future....
“That steps should be taken now that shall have for their purpose and
end a reasonable and just arrangement to all concerned, of the
problems involved in this question—_that of reducing the long hours of
labor_—we would respectfully recommend to the intelligent and
thoughtful consideration of the proper officers of the Corporation.”
As a result of this recommendation, the finance committee of the
Corporation appointed a subcommittee of its members, “to consider what,
if any, arrangement with a view to reducing the twelve-hour day, in so
far as it now exists among the employes of the subsidiary companies, is
reasonable, just and practicable.” Their findings are published in the
annual report of the corporation for the year 1912, which has recently
been issued. The committee calls attention to the fact that the
stockholders’ committee found that “only about 25 per cent of the total
number of employes” were working twelve hours a day. This, in spite of
the fact that the committee distinctly reported that 50 to 60 per cent
of actual steel workers were twelve-hour men. But as to relieving the
situation, the report reads “it is believed that unless competing iron
and steel manufacturers will also enforce a less than twelve-hour day,
the effort to reduce the twelve hours per day at all our works will
result in losing a large number of our employes, many of them preferring
to take positions requiring more hours of work per day.”
The report then points out that a considerable number of men during the
past year have left the employ of the Steel Corporation because they
have enforced the six day week, and have gone to the employ of other
companies where they could work seven days, and expresses the fear that
the same thing would happen if an eight-hour day were adopted by the
corporation.
Of course, nothing is said in this report, nor was anything said at the
stockholders’ meeting of April 21, as to the real reason why workers
leave their positions when hours of labor are shortened. The inference
to be drawn from the report is that steel workers are so consumed with a
passion for work that they do not desire to leave it, even for one day
in seven.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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