The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
In 1649 Governor Printz bought a small district on the eastern shore of
the Delaware, a narrow strip north of the former limits of New Sweden,
between the Mantas and Raccoon Creeks. The commercial activities, if we
are to believe in Dutch reports, were very lively at this time. Hudde
writes in 1649 “that the trade in beavers with the savages amounts at
present to 30 or 40 and more thousands of beavers during one trading
season.” Since the Swedes monopolized the trade (to the exclusion of
others) it is to be inferred that their beaver traffic approached the
above sum in 1649; but these estimates must be greatly exaggerated, and
the Indian trade in New Sweden could hardly have reached one-fourth of
the above mentioned sum annually.
In 1650 the troubles with the Dutch increased, and neither news
nor supplies came from Sweden. But the year proved prosperous, as
the weather was favorable to the grain. The Dutch abandoned Fort
Beversreede, and Stuyvesant was somewhat uneasy, as he was aware that a
ship with a large cargo was expected by the Swedes. In July, however,
Augustine Herrman brought news that the ship had stranded at Porto Rico
and been captured by the Spaniards. Stuyvesant took pains to inform the
Swedes of the disaster. But Printz did not lose heart. At this time a
Dutch vessel was in the river ready to return to Europe, offering him
an opportunity to write letters to the Queen, to the chancellor, to
Brahe and to Trotzig in which he urged them to send over new supplies,
additional soldiers and more colonists. He had written five times to
Sweden in the last two years and three months, but had received no
reply either from the mother country or from the company’s agents in
Holland. He reported that large territories had been purchased from
the Indians, although the Dutch protested against it daily, but there
were entirely too few colonists to improve the land. He had the upper
hand in the quarrels with the Dutch, and had resisted their attempts
at settlements within the Swedish boundary line. The freemen were in
a prosperous condition and “all well except in a few cases”; they
were mostly provided with oxen and other domestic animals, which were
increasing and growing more numerous yearly; they cultivated the land
in earnest and could sell over one hundred barrels of grain; they not
only had fields of rye and barley, but also prepared orchards and
planted valuable fruit trees which grew spendidly; their greatest
trouble was the lack of servants and some of them desired wives. In
addition to these letters Sven Skute was sent to Sweden to explain
the conditions more fully and, if possible, to awaken the company and
government to action.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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