The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
The directors expected the conquest of New Sweden to be accomplished
in the early part of 1655, and their disappointment was great, when
they learned that Stuyvesant had sailed for the Barbadoes in January,
without their knowledge and consent. In April they began anew to
prepare for the long planned attack on the Swedish settlements, at
this time “concluding not only to take up again the expedition in
question but also to undertake and carry it out with more assurance of
success.” For this purpose a ship was chartered called _De Waag_
(the _Scales_). About two hundred men under the command of Captain
Frederick de Coeninck having embarked, the vessel set sail about
the beginning of June, and reached New Amsterdam on August 3 (13).
Immediately upon the arrival of the ship final arrangements for the
expedition were begun; and on the sixth (sixteenth) Stuyvesant, who
was indisposed, ordered the council and Captain de Coeninck to take
charge of the preparations. At the same time a “proclamation appointing
the fifteenth (twenty-fifth) of August a day of prayer and fasting to
invoke God’s blessing on the expedition [was issued].” A few days later
a call for volunteers was published, offering “a reasonable salary and
board money” to the applicants, and promising them a “proper reward”
in case of injury. The Jews were exempted from military service, but
on the condition “that each male person over 16 and under 60 years
[should] contribute, for the aforesaid freedom towards the relief
of the general municipal taxes, sixty-five stivers every month.” A
special commissary was appointed August 9 (19), who should “see to it
and supervise that all ammunition and victuals needed for the intended
expedition ... be ordered, shipped and properly taken care of.” On
the same date a resolution was passed by the council “friendly to ask
some merchant-ships ... [then at New Amsterdam] into the service of
the country with the promise of a proper compensation for it,” but “in
case the skippers refused [they should be pressed] into the service
... with their ships, ammunition, the people with them, provisions and
implements.”
In accordance with this resolution Captain Douwes was ordered on the
fourteenth (twenty-fourth) to “keep himself ready” to embark, upon
receiving orders; and certain captains of vessels in the harbor were
commanded to furnish each “two men and their surplus of provisions and
ammunition of war.” Cornelis van Tienhoven and Frederick de Coeninck
were commissioned to proceed on board the ships, the _Bontekoe_ (_The
Spotted Cow_), the _Beaver_ and the _New Amsterdam_ to enforce the
orders. Three sloops and a French privateer were hired, and a loan of
“fifteen hundred guilders in black and white wampum” was floated by the
council for the expenses of the campaign and presents to the natives.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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