The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
Several improvements were also suggested by Printz. The soldiers
and servants were often supplied from the goods bought from foreign
merchants, who visited New Sweden, but the governor found this system
to be impractical, since the company in this manner not only reduced
its profits but at times even suffered a loss. Hence he proposed the
erection of “a trading place and a shop,” supplied “with all sorts of
provisions, small wares, cloth and other goods.” “A wise and faithful
man [should be appointed to superintend it], who could give them on
their salaries as much [of the goods] as each one needed.” The trade
with the Indians could not be conducted to advantage without a supply
of _sewant_. As the South River Indians were poor and had little
or no “money,” the Swedes were compelled to buy “_sewant_ from
New Amsterdam and from New England, where it was made.” Here it could
be bought cheaply from the savages, and, in order that the company
might be able to watch the market and buy the wampum direct from
the makers, Printz suggested that a “faithful agent” should be
permanently stationed at the above mentioned places.
[Illustration:
Black and white _sewant_ (wampum) of the Delawares
on strings. From the Heye Collection, University of
Pennsylvania. Photograph used by the courtesy of Dr. Gordon.]
In 1643 the Dutch at Manathans captured several Spanish prizes valued
at over 50,000 R. D., according to their own statements, and Printz
was of opinion, since New Sweden was better situated, being nearer the
Spanish colonies, that it would be to the advantage of the government
to have a good and well armed ship in the river for the purpose of
preying on the “Spanish silver fleets.” Governor Printz embodied his
suggestions in a long Report, and made a list of the things necessary
in the settlement, as the _Swan_ was about to set sail in June.
In his instruction as well as in private letters from Sweden, Printz
was admonished to be on friendly terms with the natives. He endeavored
to follow these directions, and he was invariably successful in keeping
peace with the red men; but he had no great confidence in them. In
a letter to Per Brahe he describes them as follows: “They are big
and strong, well built men; paint themselves terribly in the face,
differently, not one like unto the other, and go about with only a
piece of cloth about half an ell broad around the waist and down about
the hips. They are revengeful, cunning in dealings and doing, clever
in making all kinds of things from lead, copper and tin and also carve
skilfully in wood. They are good and quick marksmen with their arrows”
and above all are not to be trusted.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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