Switzerland; Switzerland -- Politics and government -- 1815-
Confederation; this right shall not be limited for confessional
or economic considerations, nor on account of previous conduct
or other police reasons; no tax upon admission or similar tax
shall be levied upon either party to a marriage. Freedom of
the press is guaranteed; the Confederation may enact penalties
against the abuse of the freedom of the press when directed
against it or its authorities. The right of petition is
guaranteed. No person shall be deprived of his constitutional
judge, and there shall consequently be no extraordinary
tribunal established.[18] Ecclesiastical jurisdiction is
abolished. Suits for personal claims against a solvent debtor
having a domicile in Switzerland must be brought before the
judge of his domicile; in consequence his property outside the
Canton in which he is domiciled may not be attached in suits
for personal claims; with reference to foreigners, however,
the provisions of the respective international treaties shall
apply. Imprisonment for debt is abolished. The exit duty on
property is abolished as respects foreign countries, provided
reciprocity be observed. The Confederation shall have power to
legislate:
1. On civil capacity.
2. On all legal questions relating to commerce and to
transactions affecting chattels (law of commercial obligations,
including commercial law and law of exchange).
3. On literary and artistic copyright.[19]
4. On the legal collection of debts and on bankruptcy.
Capital punishment abolished;[20] corporal punishment is
forbidden. The Confederation by law provides for the
extradition of accused persons from one Canton to another;
nevertheless, extradition shall not be made obligatory for
political offences and offences of the press. Measures shall be
taken by Federal law for the incorporation of persons without
a country.[21] The Confederation has power to expel from its
territory foreigners who endanger the internal or external
safety of Switzerland.
The second chapter embraces the _Federal Authorities_:
CHAPTER II.
1. The Federal Assembly or Legislative Department.
2. The Federal Council or Executive Department.
3. The Federal Tribunal or Judicial Department.[22]
4. The Federal Chancellery.
It is provided that the duties of Secretary to the Federal
Assembly and Federal Council shall be performed by a Federal
Chancellery under the direction of a Chancellor of the
Confederation. The Chancellor shall be chosen for the term of
three years by the Federal Assembly at the same time as the
Federal Council. The Chancellery shall be under the special
supervision of the Federal Council.
5. Miscellaneous provisions.
These are three in number:
1. All that relates to the location of the Federal authorities
is a subject to be determined by the Confederation.
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