Much legislation called for by the mandatory provisions of the Constitution, and suggested by the discretionary powers vested in the Confederation, has passed into Federal statutory enactments. A few may be mentioned. An elaborate law as to military service, tax for exemption therefrom, and pensions; statutes regulating labor in factories, containing a wide range of provisions for the health and safety of employés; the practice of the professions of medicine and dentistry; the construction and management of railroads; the protection of literary and artistic property and patents; hunting and fishing; the control of forests, dikes, and water-courses in the mountainous regions; the election of members of the Federal Assembly and organization of the Federal Tribunal; the method of taking the _Referendum_; rights of citizenship and expatriation; banking and bankruptcy; emigration and immigration. There are very comprehensive laws also as to “civil capacity and obligations” and “marriage and divorce.” The Federal law on “civil capacity and obligation” comprises more than nine hundred articles, and deals with every imaginable kind of contract except that relating to the acquisition and transfer of the ownership of land; this forming part of the independent legislation of the several Cantons. The law of “marriage and divorce” includes registration of births and deaths, and presents a law which is a carefully-prepared, scientific whole. The legal age of marriage; degrees of consanguineous or other relationship; consent of parents; rules for notice of intention; provision for verifying the facts alleged; certification both of the fact and means of the dissolution of a previous marriage, whether by death or divorce; strict requirements for publication of the banns; restrictions as to locality within which the marriage must occur; civil marriage made obligatory; and details of the conditions under which marriages may be declared void and divorces granted; these constitute some of the main features of the law.