The Systematics of the Frogs of the Hyla Rubra Group in Middle AmericaLeón, Juan R.
Science
The Systematics of the Frogs of the Hyla Rubra Group in Middle America
León, Juan R.
Frogs -- Central America; Hyla rubra
_Hyla staufferi_ Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 17:195,
October 1865 [Holotype.--USNM 15317, Orizaba, Veracruz, México;
Francis Sumichrast collector], Brocchi, Mission Scientifique au
Mexique et dans L'Amerique Centrale, 1881, p. 36. Boulenger,
Catalogue, of the Bratrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata, p. 400,
February 1, 1882. Kellogg, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 160:173, March
31, 1932. Smith and Taylor, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 194:88, 1948.
Taylor, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35:862, July 1, 1952. Rand,
Fieldiana Zool. Chicago Nat. Hist. Mus., 34:518, April 18, 1957.
Duellman, Univ. Kansas Publ, Mus. Nat. Hist., 17:274, June 17,
1966.
_Hyla eximia staufferi_ Cope, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 32:14, January
16, 1887.
_Hyla eximia_ (part): Günther, Biologia Centrali-Americana,
Reptilia and Batrachia, p. 261, June 1901. Nieden, Das Tierreich,
Anura I, p. 245, June 1923.
_Hyla culex_ Dunn and Emlen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
84:24, March 22, 1932 [Holotype.--MCZ 16098, Tela Honduras; Raymond
A. Stadelman collector]. Stuart, Misc. Publ., Univ. Michigan Mus.
Zool., 29:38, October 1935. Gaige, Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ.,
457:293, 1936.
_Diagnosis._--Small frogs (Male to 29 mm., Female to 31.6 mm.);
dorsolateral stripes irregular; paravertebral stripes usually broken;
two or three transverse bars on shanks; thighs spotted or not; arms
usually barred; interorbital bar usually present; toes about three
fourths webbed; color brown, tan, or olive-green.
_Variation._--Three hundred and sixty males chosen at random from
throughout the range have snout-vent lengths of 20.7 to 29 mm. (25.9
mm.). The smallest individuals are from Costa Rica and Nicaragua (means
24.2 and 24.4 mm., respectively). The largest individuals are from
Guatemala and El Salvador (mean of each 27.0 mm.). The ratio of the
diameter of the tympanum to that of the eye is more than 60 per cent in
most samples, but in those from Costa Rica and British Honduras it is
smaller. The color pattern is highly variable. Some specimens are dark
brown or pale brown in color. Incomplete dorsal stripes are present in
94.6 per cent of the specimens, and transverse bars are present on the
shanks in 98.3 per cent of the specimens. The interorbital spot varies
from transverse to longitudinal in position, and an irregular white
line extends from the upper jaw to the arm in some specimens (Table 7).
_Distribution._--_Hyla staufferi staufferi_ inhabits savanna and
subhumid and xeric forests in the lowlands and moderate elevations from
southern Tamaulipas southward to Nicaragua on the Caribbean versant and
from Guerrero, México to northwestern Costa Rica on the Pacific
lowlands (Fig. 7). Duellman (1963:226) commented that a specimen from
Chinajá, Guatemala, possibly was transported there in the cargo from
Toocog, because with this one exception the species is unknown in
tropical rainforest in Guatemala.
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