Euclid probably studied at Athens, for until he himself assisted in
transferring the center of mathematical culture to Alexandria, it had
long been in the Grecian capital, indeed since the time of Pythagoras.
Moreover, numerous attempts had been made at Athens to do exactly what
Euclid succeeded in doing,--to construct a logical sequence of
propositions; in other words, to write a textbook on plane geometry. It
was at Athens, therefore, that he could best have received the
inspiration to compose his "Elements."[28] After finishing his education
at Athens it is quite probable that he, like other savants of the
period, was called to Alexandria by Ptolemy Soter, the king, to assist
in establishing the great school which made that city the center of the
world's learning for several centuries. In this school he taught, and
here he wrote the "Elements" and numerous other works, perhaps ten in
all.
Although the Greek writers who may have known something of the life of
Euclid have little to say of him, the Arab writers, who could have known
nothing save from Greek sources, have allowed their imaginations the
usual latitude in speaking of him and of his labors. Thus
Al-Qif[t.][=i], who wrote in the thirteenth century, has this to say in
his biographical treatise "Ta'r[=i]kh al-[H.]ukam[=a]":
Euclid, son of Naucrates, grandson of Zenarchus, called the
author of geometry, a Greek by nationality, domiciled at
Damascus, born at Tyre, most learned in the science of
geometry, published a most excellent and most useful work
entitled "The Foundation or Elements of Geometry," a subject in
which no more general treatise existed before among the Greeks;
nay, there was no one even of later date who did not walk in
his footsteps and frankly profess his doctrine.
This is rather a specimen of the Arab tendency to manufacture history
than a serious contribution to the biography of Euclid, of whose
personal history we have only the information given by Proclus.
[Illustration: EUCLID
From an old print]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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